Forensics Exam
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| trial judge | the "gatekeeper" that determines the admissibility and reliability of scientific evidence
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| criminal and civil laws | forensic science is the application of science to what?
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| gender of victim | the rate of cooling of a dead body will never be influenced by what?
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| arson | bite marks would be least likely to be found in cases involving what?
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| toxicology unit | which unit has the responsibility for the examination of body fluids and organs for the presence of drugs and poisons?
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| Galton | who undertook the first definitive study of fingerprints as a method of personal identification?
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| teeth | forensic odontology refers to the study of what?
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| Locard | who came up with the exchange of evidence principle?
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| increase in drug-related arrests, Supreme Court decisions in the 1960s, staggering increase in crime rates in the US, advent of DNA profiling | what can be rightfully cited as an explanation for the rapid growth of crime labs in the last 25 years?
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| Lattes | who devised a technique for determining the blood group of dried bloodstain, which he applied to criminal investigations?
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| 1-1 1/2 degrees F per hour | post mortem interval
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| rigor mortis | stiffness of death
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| formal degree in forensic science | an expert witness is not required to have what?
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| Orfilia | father of forensic toxicology
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| FBI | which entity maintains the largest crime lab in the world?
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| fingerprint analysis | what would not be included in the work of the biology unit of a crime lab?
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| Doyle | the fictional character of Sherlock Holmes was created by whom?
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| matching teeth to a bitemark | what is not part of forensic anthropology
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| analyze evidence and serve as an expert witness | two major duties of a forensic scientist in a crime lab
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| US postal inspection service | which federal crime lab is responsible for document analysis
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| Alabama dept of forensic sciences, auburn | what is the crime lab system currently operating in the state of Alabama, and where are the headquarters located?
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| DEA | the federal crime lab responsible for the analysis of drugs seized in violation of federal laws regulating the production, sale and transportation of drugs
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| Bureau of Alcohol, tobacco, firearms, and explosives | federal agency that has responsibility for examining weapons, explosive devices, and related evidence received in conjunction with enforcement of the Gun Control Act of 1968
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| pathologist | determines cause and manner of death
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| odontologist | identifies people from their teeth
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| anthropologist | analyzes bone fragments
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| psychiatrist | determines competency to stand trial
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| engineer | determines causes and origins of fires and explosions
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| entomologist | studies the relation of insects to criminal investigation
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| Fourth | the removal of any evidence from a person or from the crime scene must be done in conformity with the privileges of which amendment to the constitution?
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| secure the scene | the first officer arriving at a crime scene, after providing or obtaining medical assistance for the injured and effecting an arrest of suspects, should immediately do what?
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| photographs, sketches, and note taking | the most basic methods of crime scene recording
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| packaged in air tight glass jar | charred debris from an arson scene should be
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| depict injuries and weapons at scene | if the crime scene includes a dead body, the photographer should
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| hepatitis B and AIDS | the presence of blood and semen at crime scenes exposes investigators to what?
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| in the process of a legal arrest | the police are not required to obtain a search warrant if they are
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| produce a finished crime scene sketch | CAD programs enhance the ability to
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| permit comparisons to be made with the evidence | the collection of standard reference samples at the crime scene is important bc they
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| at the scene of the crime | note taking is done
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| zone | which crime scene search pattern is most appropriate for a crime committed indoors?
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| sketch of the suspects | a rough sketch does not need to include what?
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| to retain complete control of evidence at all times | the purpose of documenting chain of custody of evidence is what?
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| grid, line, zone, and spiral | search methods of a scene
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| chain of custody | list of people in possession of an item of evidence
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| corpus delicti | body of crime
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| first responder | police officer responding to a 911 call
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| modus operandi | offender's pattern of operation
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| druggist fold | method for packaging powder or fiber
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| physical evidence | hair, blood, glass, soil, paint
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| buccal swab | swab of inner portion of cheek
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| substrate control | uncontaminated surface material near physical evidence
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| standard sample | physical evidence of known origin for comparison
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| linkage theory | method of solving crime by matching a suspect to physical evidence
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| the standard reference sample does not share characteristics with evidence at the crime scene | physical evidence can be used to exonerate or exclude a person from suspicion if
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| lab results obtained by the criminalists working on the case, input from medical examiner, accounts given by witnesses and supsects, the story told by evidence recovered at crime scene | crime scene reconstruction requires the piecing together of what?
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| dental impressions | forensic databases are not maintained for what?
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| trial judge | crime scene reconstruction does not involve who?
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| exonerate an innocent suspect | evidence having class characteristics can
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| whether or not they have a common origin | a comparison analysis subjects a suspect specimen and a control specimen to the same tests and examinations for the ultimate purpose of determining what?
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| identification | determining that an explosive mixture contains dynamite is an example of what process?
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| CODIS | the computerized database used to store DNA information
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| individualized | evidence that is shown to be derived from a unique source
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| probability | frequency of occurrence of an event
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| the jury | who ultimately determines the significance of physical evidence in a trial?
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| product rule | multiplying together the frequencies of independently occurring genetic markers to obtain an overall frequency of occurrence for a genetic profile
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| liter | basic unit for volume
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| float | if an object is immersed in a liquid of greater density, it will do what?
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| the side and rear windows of autos manufactured in US | tempered glass is used where?
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| density | flotation is a method used by scientists to determine the ______ of a particle of glass
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| is wider on the exit side | when a bullet penetrates a panel of glass, it leaves a crater-shaped hole that
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| comparison of dried soil sample for color and texture | what is the logical first step in soil analysis?
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| fitting the pieces together like a puzzle | which property is useful in determining the individual characteristics of a sample of glass?
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| laminated glass | this type of glass is strengthened by sandwiching a layer of plastic between two pieces of soda-lime glass
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| glass | an amorphous solid composed of silicon oxides mixed with various metal oxides
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| mineral | naturally occurring crystalline solid
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| soil | any disintegrated surface material, both natural and artificial that lies on or near the earth's surface
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| density-gradient tubes | technique frequently used to compare soils
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| refraction | the bending of a light wave as it passes from one medium to another
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