Biology Final
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| dependent variable | The effect of an experiment
🗑
|
||||
| conclusion | end result of an experiment
🗑
|
||||
| controlled variables | variables that remain the same in both test groups of the controlled experiment
🗑
|
||||
| observation | perceiving an event with one of the five senses
🗑
|
||||
| independent variable | The variable that is controlled by the experimenter
🗑
|
||||
| hypothesis | step of the scientific method that is done before experimentation
🗑
|
||||
| experimentation | controlled related facts and search for the cause and the steps of scientific method
🗑
|
||||
| hypothesis | possible explanation to a problem based on all the current known facts
🗑
|
||||
| hydrogen bond | compound that forms hydrogen ions in solution
🗑
|
||||
| solute | substance that is dissolved in a solvent
🗑
|
||||
| ion | an electrically charged Atom or group of atoms from a lost organ of one or more electrons
🗑
|
||||
| covalent bond | Chemical bond formed when two atoms share one or more pairs of electrons
🗑
|
||||
| cohesion | attraction between molecules of the same substance (used to describe water)
🗑
|
||||
| base | compound that excepts a proton when dissolved in a solution
🗑
|
||||
| polar | uneven distribution of change
🗑
|
||||
| adhesion | attraction between molecules of different substances
🗑
|
||||
| solvent | substance in which a solute is dissolved to form a solution
🗑
|
||||
| ionic bond | Bond formed when one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another
🗑
|
||||
| neutrons/protons | to subatomic particle is found in the nucleus of an atom
🗑
|
||||
| 1:2:1 | The ratio of carbon hydrogen and oxygen found in carbohydrates
🗑
|
||||
| enzymes | combine with a substrate speed up reaction rates and are not used up in a reaction
🗑
|
||||
| monosaccharide | The simple molecule is the basic unit of a polysaccharide
🗑
|
||||
| catalyst | enzyme that speeds up a reaction and slows activation
🗑
|
||||
| cellulose | polysaccharide that is the building material for plant cell walls giving its rigidity and strength
🗑
|
||||
| carbohydrate | main source of energy for living things
🗑
|
||||
| disaccharide | sucrose is an example of this saccharide
🗑
|
||||
| lipids | creates a waterproofing for membrane of the cell
🗑
|
||||
| protein | makes up skin hair and muscle
🗑
|
||||
| glycogen | animal starch
🗑
|
||||
| glycerol | combines with three fatty acid to make a triglyceride
🗑
|
||||
| monosaccharide | building block of all carbohydrates
🗑
|
||||
| polysaccharide examples | glycogen plant starch cellulose
🗑
|
||||
| amino acids | building blocks of proteins
🗑
|
||||
| proteins | macromolecule that contains nitrogen carbon hydrogen and oxygen
🗑
|
||||
| lipids | fence waxes steroids and oils are examples of this macromolecule
🗑
|
||||
| saturated fats | fats were all carbon atoms are single bonded to hydrogen's no gaps or double bonds
🗑
|
||||
| lysosomes | organelle that contains enzymes that break things down
🗑
|
||||
| chromosomes | structures located in the nucleus that contains the genetic material (DNA) of the cell and are visible only during cell division
🗑
|
||||
| ribosomes | tiny bodies were proteins are synthesized for the cell
🗑
|
||||
| eukaryotes | A cell that contains a nucleus and membrane bound organelles
🗑
|
||||
| cell membrane | lipid bilayer with embedded proteins that controls what enters and exits the cell
🗑
|
||||
| prokaryote | A cell lacking a nucleus and membrane bound organelles
🗑
|
||||
| mitochondria | converts chemical energy stored in food to ATP
🗑
|
||||
| chloroplast | uses light energy to make chemical energy
🗑
|
||||
| Robert Hooke | discovered cells
🗑
|
||||
| can viruses it grow and respond | no
🗑
|
||||
| how do viruses invade and interspecific cells | matching receptor sites
🗑
|
||||
| how viruses and cells are similar | both have the same genetic material
🗑
|
||||
| virus | protein coat and nucleic acid core
🗑
|
||||
| size and shape of viruses | they all have different sizes and shapes
🗑
|
||||
| type of genetic material of viruses | DNA or RNA me
🗑
|
||||
| can viruses reproduce without a host | no
🗑
|
||||
| permeability | The degree to which one substance allows another substance to pass through it
🗑
|
||||
| exocytosis | removal of waste from a cell
🗑
|
||||
| endocytosis | process by which a cell takes material inside it by the folding of the cell membrane
🗑
|
||||
| plasmolysis | shrinking cell when water leaves it
🗑
|
||||
| high to low concentration | Direction in which molecules of a substance move if they are not in the same concentration
🗑
|
||||
| Active transport | movement of substances using energy
🗑
|
||||
| osmosis | movement of water from high to low
🗑
|
||||
| diffusion | movement of particles from high to low
🗑
|
||||
| hypertonic | high concentration of a solute in a solution
🗑
|
||||
| cytolysis | cell burst because of too much water
🗑
|
||||
| hypotonic | Low concentration of a solute in a solution
🗑
|
||||
| isotonic | equal concentration of solute between Two solutions
🗑
|
||||
| 3 components of ATP | 3 phosphates, adenine, and ribose
🗑
|
||||
| sun | Ultimate source of energy for all living organisms
🗑
|
||||
| reactants in photosynthesis | radiant energy
🗑
|
||||
| two end products of photosynthesis | oxygen and glucose
🗑
|
||||
| Thylakoid | where the light reaction of photosynthesis occurs
🗑
|
||||
| ATP & NADPH | two products made in the light reactions necessary to run the Calvin cycle
🗑
|
||||
| the oxygen in which organisms depend for cellular respiration comes from what process | photosynthesis
🗑
|
||||
| thylakoid | where light reaction and electron transport chain are
🗑
|
||||
| ATP is an important energy transfer molecule because it when the third phosphate of ATP is removed what is released | Chemical energy
🗑
|
||||
| why are photosynthesis and cellular respiration considered the opposites of each other | The products of them are the reactants of the other
🗑
|
||||
| Krebs cycle | this cycle of cellular respiration produces high energy carriers that provide the electrons for the electron transport chain
🗑
|
||||
| 36 | ATP in cellular respiration
🗑
|
||||
| Stroma | jelly like, in chloroplasts, where Calvin cycle takes place
🗑
|
||||
| light to chemical | photosynthesis energy transfer
🗑
|
||||
| pyruvate | three carbon end product of glycolysis
🗑
|
||||
| Matrix of the mitochondria | Krebs cycle occurs here
🗑
|
||||
| CO2 | gas released during krebs cycle
🗑
|
||||
| Violet blue and red light | Colors of chlorophyll absorbs
🗑
|
||||
| Greenlight | plants appear green because they reflect this color
🗑
|
||||
| pigment | molecule that absorbs wave lengths of light and reflects other ones
🗑
|
||||
| fermentation | process that occurs in the muscle cells of animals when oxygen is absent
🗑
|
||||
| why Krebs cycle occurs twice | there are two pyruvates
🗑
|
||||
| role of oxygen in ETC | H2O and final electronic acceptor
🗑
|
||||
| what is the equation for alcohol fermentation | pyruvate + NADH --> CO2 + ethanol + NAD
🗑
|
||||
| sides of DNA strand | phosphate and sugar
🗑
|
||||
| codon | 3 base sequence of messenger RNA
🗑
|
||||
| Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins | developed the x-ray crystallography that used it diffraction patterns to determine that DNA structure was a helix
🗑
|
||||
| rungs of DNA strand | adenine, Thymine , guanine, and cytosine
🗑
|
||||
| template | something you can copy
🗑
|
||||
| site of translation ( organelle ) | ribosome
🗑
|
||||
| anti-codon | TRA (3basesequence)
🗑
|
||||
| two enzymes in replication | helicase and DNA polymerase
🗑
|
||||
| Watson and crick | discovered structure of DNA (model)
🗑
|
||||
| Job of MRNA | send DNA a message to cytoplasm
🗑
|
||||
| what would TACCCC be if it was mRNA | AUGGGG
🗑
|
||||
| components of a nucleotide | base, sugar, phosphate
🗑
|
||||
| two differences between DNA and RNA | DNA is double-stranded and DNA has thymine
🗑
|
||||
| Job of tRNA | takes amino acids to the right side
🗑
|
||||
| decode M RNA AUCUGA in tRNA | UAGACU
🗑
|
||||
| hydrogen bond | between bases
🗑
|
||||
| diploid | refers to a cell that contains sets of Homologous chromosomes
🗑
|
||||
| telophase two | this phase of meiosis results and four daughter cells each haploid
🗑
|
||||
| metaphase – mitosis | chromosomes line up along the equator of the cell
🗑
|
||||
| unique pattern | crossing over leads to this quality and the species
🗑
|
||||
| tetrad | four
🗑
|
||||
| prophase one | synapsis occurs; chromosomes are formed; crossing over
🗑
|
||||
| prophase mitosis | nucleolus disappears it; spindle fibers form; chromosomes/centrioles move to opposite sides
🗑
|
||||
| female sex chromosomes | XX
🗑
|
||||
| Crossing over | during metaphase the mom and dad chromosomes get mixed up
🗑
|
||||
| interphase | DNA replicates in the S phase of this phase
🗑
|
||||
| The stages of mitosis are? | mitosis: prophase, metaphase, telephase, anaphase
dinner phase: G, S, G two
🗑
|
||||
| telephase | The nuclear envelope a nucleolus reform during this phase of mitosis
🗑
|
||||
| 46 | number of chromosomes in human somatic cell
🗑
|
||||
| Homologus chromosomes | refers to a pair of chromosomes were each chromosome is similar in size, shape, and Gene they carry
🗑
|
||||
| nondisjunction | Homo Logus chromosomes failed to separate during meiosis
🗑
|
||||
| metaphase two | tetrads line up along equator
🗑
|
||||
| synapsis | The action of Homologus chromosomes pairing up
🗑
|
||||
| probability | used in genetics to predict outcomes of events
🗑
|
||||
| recessive | Jean that will only be expressed when homozygous ressesive
🗑
|
||||
| Law of segregation | principle that explains abrasion of alleles during gamete formation
🗑
|
||||
| Homozygous | recessive and dominant gene
🗑
|
||||
| heterozygous | two dominant or two recessive genes
🗑
|
||||
| allele | particular form of the trait will be expressed
🗑
|
||||
| genotype / DNA | genetic make up
🗑
|
||||
| phenotype/traits | observable physical characteristics
🗑
|
||||
| Dihybrid | cross that follows two different genes as they passed from one generation to the next
🗑
|
||||
| principle of independent assortment | Gene pairs segregate randomly and independently of one another
🗑
|
||||
| Mono hybrid cross | cross to determine one trait
🗑
|
||||
| principle of dominance | One allele expressed over others
🗑
|
||||
| deletion | loss of all or part of a chromosome
🗑
|
||||
| translocation | moves chromosome from one to another
🗑
|
||||
| inversion | part of chromosome is reversed
🗑
|
||||
| frameshift | Edition that causes the reading frame to shift resulting in a change of the nucleotide sequence for each amino acid that follows can because by deletion or insertion
🗑
|
||||
| duplication | segment of a chromosome is repeated
🗑
|
||||
| PKU | this disease results in mental retardation and other new role logical problems that can be prevented with a low-protein diet
🗑
|
||||
| hemophilia | sex linked disorder – no blood clot protein
🗑
|
||||
| Color blindness | sex linked disorder most common in males not able to tell the difference between colors
🗑
|
||||
| cystic fibrosis | symptoms of this disorder thick mucus in lungs and trouble breathing
🗑
|
||||
| tay-Sachs | this disease has a weakness and degeneration of skeletal muscle tissue
🗑
|
||||
| Huntington's disease | this disease shows a gradual Deterioration of the brain which causes uncontrollable movements and mental deterioration
🗑
|
||||
| karyotype | sets of photographs of chromosomes grouped in order in pairs
🗑
|
||||
| Klein Felters syndrome | males have an extra X chromosome and makes them womanly
🗑
|
||||
| body/stomatic and Egg cell | cells/cells that were used to when Dolly the sheep was cloned
🗑
|
||||
| DNA fingerprint | used to find DNA make up
🗑
|
||||
| gel electrophoresis | separates DNA fragments
🗑
|
||||
| genetic engineering | make changes in organisms DNA to produce new
🗑
|
||||
| o | universal donor
🗑
|
||||
| b | type of blood that produces anti-a antibodies in serum
🗑
|
||||
| hybridization | breeding for desired traits
🗑
|
||||
| recombinant DNA | combination of DNA from two different organisms
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
clarissa13
Popular Science sets