Body systems, coordination, disease, immune system
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each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Enzymes | proteins that speed up the rate of chemical reactions in living things
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| Respiration | the process by which the chemical bond energy stored in nutrients is released for use in cells
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| Synthesis | a life process that involves combining simple substances into more complex substances
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| Biochemical process | a chemical process that occurs in a living thing
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| Photosynthesis | the process by which some organisms are able to capture light energy and use it to make food from carbon dioxide and water
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| Homeostasis | the ability of an organism to maintain a stable internal environment even when the external environment changes
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| Glucose | a sugar that is a major source of energy for cells
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| ATP | (adenine triphosphate) a compound that stores energy in cells
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| Chloroplasts | green organelles that contain chlorophyll; where photosynthesis takes place
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| Gas exchange | the process of obtaining oxygen from the environment and releasing carbon dioxide
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| Catalyst | a substance that can speed up the rate of a chemical reaction without being changed or used up during the reaction
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| pH | a measure of whether a substance is acidic, neutral, or basic
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| Dynamic equilibrium | the constant small corrections that normally occur to keep an organism’s internal environment within the limits needed for survival
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| Feedback mechanism | a cycle in which the output of a system either modifies or reinforces the first action taken by the system
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| Stimulus | any change in the internal or external environment that causes an organism to react
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| Pancreas | an endocrine organ that secretes insulin
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| Insulin | a hormone that prompts glucose to move from the blood into body cells,
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| Guard cells | specialized cells that control the opening and closing of the pores on the surface of a leaf
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| Disease | a condition, other than injury, that prevents the body from working as it should
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| Pathogen | an organism that invades the body, causing disease
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| Virus | a nonliving particle of protein and genetic material that reproduces by invading the cell of a living organism
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| Bacterium | any one of many single-celled organisms without a distinct nucleus
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| Fungi | the kingdom of organisms that are mostly multicellular, have cell walls made of chitin, and are heterotrophic
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| Parasite | an organism that survives by living and feeding on other organisms
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| Immune system | the body’s primary defense against disease-causing pathogens
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| Antigen | a molecule found on the outer surfaces of cells that the immune system recognizes as either part of the body or an outside invader
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| Antibody | a protein, produced by the immune system, that either attacks invading pathogens or marks them for killing
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| Microbe | any microscopic organism
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| Vaccines | a substance made of weakened, killed, or partial pathogens and designed to protect the body from future invasions of that pathogen
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| AIDS | (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) the disease that results when the HIV virus attacks the human immune system
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| Allergy | a condition in which a person’s immune system is overly sensitive to environmental substances that are normally harmless
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| Cancer | the disease caused by an uncontrolled division of abnormal cells in a part of the body
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| Histamine | a compound that is released by cells in response to injury and in allergic and inflammatory reactions, causing contraction of smooth muscle and dilation of capillaries
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| HIV | Human Immunodeficiency Virus weakens your immune system by infect and destroy t-cells, leaving the body vulnerable to disease and infection
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| White Blood Cell | Blood cells that work for the immune system
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| Macrophage | a large phagocytic cell found in stationary form in the tissues or as a mobile white blood cell, especially at sites of infection
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| Memory cell | a long-lived lymphocyte capable of responding to a particular antigen on its reintroduction, long after the exposure that prompted its production
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| Plasma cell | a fully differentiated B cell that produces a single type of antibody
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| Tumor | a swelling of a part of the body, generally without inflammation, caused by an abnormal growth of tissue, whether benign (safe) or malignant (deadly)
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