December exam review
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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show | The study of behaviour and mental processes (in humans and animals)
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show | descriptive and experimental
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show | systematic observation= Field (naturalistic) observation, surveys, and "clinical" methods [**cannot explain anything, only describe]
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Clinical Methods | show 🗑
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show | subjective and objective
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Experimental drawbacks | show 🗑
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Experimental Method | show 🗑
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show | age, motivation, intellectual, education, sex
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7 types of senses | show 🗑
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show | define it in terms of the operations necessary to measure it
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demand characteristics | show 🗑
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show | gave an example of how women who were and weren't given liquor and how the non-liquor drinkers got very drunk and the opposite didn't
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placebo effect | show 🗑
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show | group with the least done to it
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stimulant | show 🗑
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show | doesn't have the "thing"
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replication | show 🗑
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variables | show 🗑
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show | changes are independent of what the subject does
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dependent variable | show 🗑
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perceptual organization | show 🗑
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gestalts | show 🗑
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show | principle of contour, principle of grouping, principle of closure, and principle of apparent movement
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illusions | show 🗑
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show | 25%
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Stage 2 sleep | show 🗑
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stage 3 sleep | show 🗑
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stage 4 sleep | show 🗑
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show | "paradoxical sleep" b/c you seem to be awake physiologically, when behaviourally you seem more asleep physiologically, hard to awaken people in this stage, a new section of REM sleep every 90 mins, happens after non-rem sleep, loss of muscle tone
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show | the part of the brain responsible for the loss of muscle tone while sleeping
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show | 1)Lobbson- objectively are randomly made but as humans we cannot accept this so we create a meaning
2)dreams as thinking (connected to current concerns in ones life)
3)dreams as efforts to deal with problems
4)Freud- unconcious wishes
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show | dreams of absent minded transgression (ex. alcoholic who quit cold turkey may experience a dream about having a drink)
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show | represent desires free from the interference of the reality of the waking state
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show | deprived of the opportunity to sleep so when they get the chance they do/catch up if given as much time as they want (up to 40% more time in REM sleep)
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nightmare | show 🗑
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night terror | show 🗑
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show | psychophysical & signal detection
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Psychophysical Method | show 🗑
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psychophysics | show 🗑
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absolute threshold | show 🗑
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show | the smallest difference in stimulation that can be reliably detected by an observer when two stimuli are compared (JND-just noticeable difference)
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show | for every stimulus intensity, there is some constant % that must be added or subtracted for a difference in intensity to be detected
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signal detection | show 🗑
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show | the accurate perception of objects as stable or unchanged despite changes in the sensory patterns they produce (what makes our world perceptually stable)
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learning | show 🗑
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association | show 🗑
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Classical conditioning | show 🗑
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show | phobias
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stimulus generalization | show 🗑
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show | present with the original stimulus and are nothing like the stimulus but an association is created (ex. Skinner: drinking wine to open envelopes -> then drinking wine and seeing husband)
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extinction | show 🗑
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spontaneous recovery | show 🗑
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show | a series of small incremental steps where a positive stimulation is paired lightly with the feared and over time the feared becomes positive or associated with positive
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Operant (instrumental) conditioning | show 🗑
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operant responses are.. | show 🗑
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show | If you do something and you like the result you'll do it again. If you do something and you don't like the result you probably won't do it again
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show | decrease behaviour
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positive reinforcement | show 🗑
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positive AND negative punishment both lead to.. | show 🗑
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negative reinforcement | show 🗑
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show | a manipulandom- something the animal can tap or push to receive the reinforcement, which also had an electric grid floor to shock for misbehaving
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show | continuous & partial (intermittent)
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Partial (intermittent) reinforcement schedules are.. | show 🗑
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show | fixed ratio and variable ratio
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show | fixed interval and variable interval
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show | occurs after a fixed number of behaviours (there is a post-reinforcement pause)
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show | occurs on average after "x" number of responses occur (there is no post-reinforcement pause)
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show | the process by which a stimulus or event strengthens or increases the probability of the response that it follows & must occur in a timely fashion or association may not be made
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show | antrograde & retrograde
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antrograde | show 🗑
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show | psychogenic & repression
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repression | show 🗑
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show | some memories simply diaper over time if they are not used (cannot say this for all memories)
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distortion | show 🗑
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Two types of transfers.. | show 🗑
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retroactive interference | show 🗑
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Proactive interference (negative transfer) | show 🗑
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stimulus discrimination | show 🗑
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show | an decreased probability of responding
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show | the partial or complete loss of memory for important personal information
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Created by:
ahusse24
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