Unit 03-Cells/Cell transport
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| Name the 3 parts of modern cell theory? | energy, DNA, cell composition
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| This in plant cells change light energy into chemical energy during photosynthesis | chloroplasts
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| What is the general term for processes of movement across the membrane that doesn’t require energy? | passive transport
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| What is the general term for the transportation of a substance across a cell membrane that requires energy? | active transport
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| What is the main component of the cell membrane | phospholipids
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| What are the 3 functions that proteins can do in the cell membrane? | enzyme, transport materials, receptors
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| What is the term for the solution when there are the same amount of solutes outside and inside the cell? | isotonic
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| Part of cell that packages and distributes things | Golgi apparatus
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| What is the transport term for when a cell takes in a large non-selective amount of fluid at one time? | pinocytosis
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| What make ribosomes | nucleolus
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| What is the modern name for prokaryotic cells? | bacteria
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| What 3 organelles are in plants but not animal cells? | cell wall, chloroplasts, and large central vacuole
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| What direction (in regards to concentration) does water move? | high to low
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| The NA/K pump is an example of active transport because it keeps a concentration _____________ of ions in order for reactions to occur. | gradient
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| Part of the transportation system, but makes lipids and breaks down toxins | smooth ER
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| What is the part of the cell membrane that helps prevent fatty acids from sticking together? | cholesterol
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| What are the 4 parts of traditional cell theory? | all living org composed of cells, cells basic unit of structure, cells come from pre-existing cells, organelles do specific functions
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| What are the 4 main characteristics of eukaryotic cells? | nucleus, membrane-bound organelles, complex, came from prokaryotic cells
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| What controls what enters and leaves the nucleus | nuclear membrane
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| What are the 5 organelles/features that all cells have? | CCCRD: cell membrane, cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, ribosomes, DNA
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| What is the term for the solution when there are less solutes on the outside of the cell than on the inside of the cell? | hypotonic
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| What is the term for the specific process of the movement of molecules from high to low concentration without energy with the help of proteins? | facilitated diffusion
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| What is the transport term for when a cell takes in particles, referred to as “cellular eating”? | phagocytosis
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| What regulates what enters and leaves the cell | cell membrane
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| A cell part that gives internal structure for the cell | cytoskeleton
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| What is the term for the difference in concentration of a substance from one area to another | concentration gradient
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| What is the term for the solution when there are more solutes on the outside of the cell than on the inside of the cell? | hypertonic
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| A membrane-bound sac that transport substances around the cell | vesicle
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| What type of protein does not change shape when helping molecules move from high to low concentration? | channel proteins
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| Term for small hair-like projections that allow the cell to move | cilia
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| What are the 4 main structural characteristics of prokaryotic cells? | single DNA, cell wall, may have capsule, may have flagella
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| What is the term for the specific process of the movement of molecules from high to low concentration without energy? | diffusion
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| A sac that contains enzymes that helps to digest and reuse cell parts | lysosome
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| What is the term for bringing substances into a cell by a vesicle? | endocytosis
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| What 2 organelles are in animal cells but not plant cells? | centrioles and lysosomes
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| Of the phospholipids in the cell membrane, which part is hydrophilic and which is hydrophobic? | polar phosphate group hydrophilic, nonpolar fatty acid hydrophobic
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| What is the term for the specific process of the movement of water from high to low concentration without energy? | osmosis
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| What type of protein does change shape when helping molecules move from high to low concentration? | carrier proteins
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| What is the term for specialized structures that carry out specific cell functions | organelles
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| What is the 3 word term for the cell membrane that shows it is made of many different parts? | fluid mosaic model
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| These sac’s will temporarily hold materials | vacuoles
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| What are the 3 types of passive transport? | diffusion, osmosis, facilitated diffusion
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| What are the 2 basic methods of active transport? | vesicles and pump systems
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| What is the substance that fills in around the other organelles | cytoplasm
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| What is the basic structural and functional unit of all living organisms | cell
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| Term for a whip-like projection that allow the cell to move. | flagella
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| What is the term for getting rid of substances from a cell by a vesicle? | exocytosis
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| What is the term for when the concentration of a substance is equal throughout the space? | equilibrium
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| What makes proteins | ribosomes
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| What are the 4 main characteristics of prokaryotic cells | no nucleus, no membrane-bound organelles, small and simple, first cells
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| What are the two other molecules in the cell membrane besides the phospholipids? | cholesterol and proteins
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| This in plant cells holds water to help control expansion of the cell | cell wall
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| What are 3 examples of eukaryotic cells? | plants, animals, protists
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| What is the term for maintaining a stable internal environment? | homeostasis
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| What is the term for how the membrane does not allow everything to go through? | selectively-permeable
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| A cell part that turns organic compounds into usable ATP energy | mitochondria
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| What are the two plant organelles that control water regulation? | cell wall and vacuoles
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| What is the control center of the cell | nucleus
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| A cell part that organizes spindle fibers for cell division | centrioles
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| This in plant cells is the outer layer | cell wall
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| Part of the transportation system, but transports proteins | rough ER
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