renal/GU
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| show | acute bacterial prostatitis
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| show | diabetic nephropathy
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| Urine examination showed alkaline pH and positive cultures for Proteus vulgaris. Large stones are seen in her right kidney. The probably chemical composition of this patient’s kidney stone will reveal which of the following? | show 🗑
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| show | Amlodipine (Norvasc)
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| In which of the following cases would renal biopsy be most recommended? | show 🗑
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| Which of the following is a cause of acute kidney failure due to prerenal azotemia? | show 🗑
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| An increased BUN to creatinine ratio is seen in all of the following conditions EXCEPT: | show 🗑
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| show | oral sodium polystyrene sulfonate
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| The urine sodium level in pre renal azotemia is usually | show 🗑
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| BUN:Creatinine ratio is greater than 20:1 | show 🗑
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| A 50 year old black female presents with Left sided CVA pain-temperature of 105 degrees and nausea and vomiting and pain on urination you should | show 🗑
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| show | renal atheroemboli
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| Pre-renal azotemia is characterized by | show 🗑
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| show | distal tubule
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| show | adult poly cystic kidney disease
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| Which of the following laboratory results or physical examination findings would be most consistent with a prerenal etiology of his renal insufficiency? | show 🗑
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| show | 3.5 grams protein/24 hours
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| show | decreased
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| In a patient with oliguric renal failure a standard treatment is to | show 🗑
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| show | eosinophiles
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| show | hyponatremia
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| All of the following are a cause of resistance (decreased response) to erythropoetin except | show 🗑
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| A 28 year-old female comes to the office with fever, flank pain, and dysuria for the past two days. Which of the following urinalysis results are suggestive of acute pyelonephritis? | show 🗑
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| The most common type of kidney stone contains: | show 🗑
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| show | increase fluid intake
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| show | lisinopril (zestril)
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| show | reaction to pharmaceuticals esp antibiotics
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| show | small kidney on renal ultrasound
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| show | Diabetes and HTN
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| show | 125
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| What portion of the kidney reabsorbs the majority of glomerular ultrafiltrate? | show 🗑
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| Staghorn calculi are composed of: | show 🗑
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| Characteristic finding of chronic interstitial nephritis is | show 🗑
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| Find the TRUE statement about testicular cancer: | show 🗑
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| Which of the following conditions is MOST likely to cause microscopic hematuria? | show 🗑
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| show | Diabetes insipidus
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| show | Mg ammonium phos
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| show | erythropoetin and IV iron
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| show | collecting duct
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| show | ceftriaxone
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| pH 7.18, pO2 98 mmHg, pCO2 22 mmHg, and HCO3 8 mEq/L. B | show 🗑
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| In industrialized countries, kidney stones most commonly are composed of: | show 🗑
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| show | clinical disorder arising from renal failure
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| show | collecting duct
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| show | struvite
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| Labs include Na 132 mEq/L, K 5.6 mEq/L, and Cl 127 mEq/L. Arterial blood gas reaveals pH 7.28, PO2 98 mmHg, PCO2 22 mmHg, and HCO3 13mEq/L. What is the most likely acid-base status? | show 🗑
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| show | decreased cardiac output
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| show | bladder cancer
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| Nephrotic syndrome includes which of the following combinations of clinical findings? | show 🗑
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| A chronic renal failure patient on dialysis presents to the E.D. pale with a hemoglobin of 6 gm. The expected etiology of the low hemoglobin would be? | show 🗑
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| A 64 y/o Caucasian male with a history of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and nephrolithiasis presents with a complaint of dark-colored urine. He has been taking Mevacor (lovastatin) for elevated cholesterol. | show 🗑
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| show | obstruction
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| Hyperkalemia is characterized by a serum Potassium level | show 🗑
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| A 25-year-old patient presents with gross hematuria, flank pain, hypotension, and a palpable abdominal mass. What is the most likely diagnosis? | show 🗑
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| IV methicillin for a staphylococcal infection. 10 days later developed recurrence of fever and a mild rash. elevated creatinine and eosinophils on her peripheral blood smear. U/A reveals hematuria, pyuria, and WBC casts. Your diagnosis is: | show 🗑
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| The anion gap can be used to characterize acid-base disturbances. A patient present with the following laboratory values: Na 140 Cl 120 HCO3 20. What is the patient's anion gap based on the available laboratory values? | show 🗑
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| The SIADH (syndrome of inappropriate ADH) is characterized by | show 🗑
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| show | Hematocrit falls below 33 (Hg B < 11 grams)
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| Which antihypertensive agent is best control BP and slow the progression of kidney disease in a patient with diabetes and microalbuminemia? | show 🗑
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| Select the type of kidney stone that is associated with fat malabsorption or jejuno-ileal bypass surgery: | show 🗑
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| show | hypertonic saline
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| show | increased osmolality and decreased extracellular volume
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| Select the TRUE statement regarding treatment of prostate cancer: | show 🗑
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| Euvolemic hyponatremia is associated with: | show 🗑
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| About 3wk ago,had sore throat, but did not seek medical attention. Recently she noted some blood in her urine and some swelling in her hands and feet. On examination, she has significant edema of the hands and feet and her blood pressure is 159/94 mm Hg. | show 🗑
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| A 15 year-old male patient presents with oliguria, hematuria, proteinuria, and fatigue following streptococcal pharyngitis 2 weeks ago. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis? | show 🗑
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| In order to help delay the progression to kidney disease in a diabetic patient with proteinuria, which of the following would you consider using to treat the patient's concomitant hypertension? | show 🗑
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| The following tests are essential in evaluating the patient with renal disease and should be done on every patient | show 🗑
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| show | Mesangium
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| show | potassium
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| show | renal biopsy
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| show | kayexalate PO
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| Serum osmolality is a term used to describe | show 🗑
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| The effect of parathormone (PTH) on the kidney is to cause | show 🗑
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| show | 11-12 grams
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| A 73 year-old male with chronic renal failure due to longstanding hypertension and diabetes is being discharged from the hospital today. Which dietary recommendation should be made to prevent further complications and progression of his renal disease? | show 🗑
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| A 34 year-old male presents with symptoms of painful urethral discharge. History reveals recent (7 days ago) intercourse with a new partner. A Gram stain is negative for intracellular diplococci. antibiotic of choice? | show 🗑
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| show | calcium gluconate
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| show | sodium
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| show | attempt at homeostasis by blowing out various toxins with respirations
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| show | beta blockers
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| The major intracellular cation is: | show 🗑
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| show | membranous
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| Aldosterone has which of the following effects on the distal renal tubules? | show 🗑
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| show | renal cell carcinoma
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| show | iron deficiency
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| show | 24 hr after afebrile
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| All of the following types of renal stones are radiopaque EXCEPT: | show 🗑
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| Select the form of glomerular disease that is the most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in adult: | show 🗑
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| An increased BUN to creatinine ratio is seen in all of the following conditions EXCEPT: | show 🗑
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| show | dehydration
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| show | adult polycystic kidney disease
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| A 6 year-old boy is evaluated for nocturnal enuresis. You offer behavioral education and write a prescription for the treatment of choice. Because of that drug's potential side effect, the boy should eat plenty of foods containing? | show 🗑
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| show | 0.9% NaCl
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| show | nephritic syndrome
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| show | ACE-I
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| Which of the following is a cause of prerenal azotemia? | show 🗑
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| The urine specific gravity is a measure of which of the following renal functions? | show 🗑
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| The predominant protein excreted in most renal disease states is: | show 🗑
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| A low serum Sodium (hyonatremia) is dangerous when the Sodium level is below: | show 🗑
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| show | increase in hydration
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| show | hyperfiltration and microalbuminuria
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| Urinalysis reveals crystals resembling coffin lids. KUB reveals a staghorn calculus in the right kidney. Which of the following is the best clinical intervention? | show 🗑
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| A 19 year old white female presents with her 4th episode of burning on urination in the last 4 months and relates no recent sexual activity appropriate treatment would be | show 🗑
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| show | serum HC03<24 or anion gap >12
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| The healthy adult excretes less than | show 🗑
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| In rhabdomyolysis induce Acute Kidney failure the ARF is caused by | show 🗑
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| show | IgA nephropathy
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| show | sodium
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| show | seizures
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| show | % kidney function
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| The 3 most common phases of ATN (acute tubular necrosis )are | show 🗑
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| show | clindamycin
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| The most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in children under 8 years of age is | show 🗑
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| The site of action of anti diuretic hormone on the kidney is | show 🗑
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| Acute rejection of the kidney is often seen | show 🗑
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| The urine sodium level in pre renal azotemia is usually | show 🗑
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| show | water restriction
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| In which of the following cases would renal biopsy be most recommended? | show 🗑
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| Which of the following complications may occur in a patient with advanced chronic kidney disease? | show 🗑
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| Diabetic nephropathy typically occurs after: | show 🗑
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| show | abdominal aorta
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| Which of the following is an indication to initiate hemodialysis in a patient with renal failure? | show 🗑
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| show | varicocele
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| A 68 year-old male has increasing serum creatinine. Which of the following is the next best step? | show 🗑
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| show | Oxybutynin (Ditropan)
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| show | epo deficiency
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| show | restrict protein
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| show | 60%
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| If the urine dipstick for blood is positive, but no red blood cells are seen by urine sediment microscopy, a diagnosis to strongly consider is: | show 🗑
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| A 35 year-old male presents to the ED with nausea and right flank pain with radiation to the right testicle. Urinalysis reveals 50-100 RBCs, 0-1 WBCs and many calcium oxalate crystals. Which of the following is the most appropriate intervention? | show 🗑
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| Correction of the Anemia of CRF should begin when | show 🗑
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| The cells that form the main supporting structure of the glomerulus are called | show 🗑
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| show | decreased
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| show | maintaining BP less than 130/80
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| A patient present with a serum Sodium of 160 and signs of volume depletion it is likely that | show 🗑
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| Which of the following can be used to treat chronic bacterial prostatitis? | show 🗑
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| show | 3% NS IV 50cc/hr x 3 hrs
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| What glomerular structure is affected in virtually all diabetics, irrespective of the presence of proteinuria? | show 🗑
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| Select a drug that requires major dosage modification in patients with chronic renal failure: | show 🗑
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| In the normal individual, the daily excretion of sodium in the urine is determined mainly by which of the following? | show 🗑
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| show | distal nephron
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| Select the TRUE statement regarding treatment of urinary tract infection: | show 🗑
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