As outlined by ANCC
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| RBC | M: 4.3-5.7 million cells/mm3
F: 3.8-5.1 million cells/mm3
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| HGB | M:13.5-17.5g/dL
F: 12-16g/dL
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| HCT | M:39-49%
F:35-45%
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| WBC | 4.5-11 thousand cells/mm3
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| leukocyte differential includes | basophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, neurtophils-bands, neutrophils segmented
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| normal range of basophils | 0-.075%
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| normal range of eosinophils | 1-3%
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| normal range of lymphocytes | 23-33%
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| normal range of monocytes | 3-7%
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| normal range of neutrophils-bands | 3-5%
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| normal range of neutrophils-segmented | 54-62%
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| Mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) | 25-34pg/cell
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| MCH concentrated | 31-37%Hb/cell
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| Mean corpuscular volume (MCV) | 80-100FL
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| Platelet count (thrombocytes) | 150-450 thousand/mm3
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| ALT | 0-55 units/L
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| Albumin | 3.5-5.5 g/dL
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| AST | 0-50 units/L
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| bilirubin (total) | 0.2-1.2mg/dL
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| calcium (total) | 8.4-10.2mg/dL
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| CO2 (total) | 20-34mEq/L
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| Chloride | 96-112mEq/L
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| Creatinine | M: 0.7-1.3mg/dL
F:0.6-1.1 mg/dL
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| adult glucose | 70-105mg/dL
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| over 60 years glucose | 80-115mg/dL
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| Hemoglobin A1C | <6.5
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| Potassium | 3.5-5.1 mEq/L
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| Protein (total) | 6-8.5g/dL
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| Sodium | 136-146mEq/L
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| TSH | 2-10mcU/ml
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| Free T3 | 2.3-4.2pg/ml
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| Free T4 | 0.7-2.0 pg/ml
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| Urea Nitrogen/creatinine ratio | 12/1 - 20/1
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| lab results associated with alcohol abuse/dependence | increased GGT, increased AST, increased ALT, increased alkaline phosphatase, increased MCV, increased amylase, increased triglycerides decreased platelets
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| AST/ALT ratio > 2.0, related to | alcoholic liver disease
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| HgbA1c monitors | an average of blood sugar over the past 6 weeks.
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| GGT stands for | gamma glutamyl transferase
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| GGT is used for | determining the case of elevated alkaline phosphatase (ALP). indicative of cardiac disease cause.
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| ALP is | alkaline phosphatase and is the first test for biliary disease
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| These lab values are related to anemia | decreased RBCs, Hgb, Hct
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| erythrocytosis is | an increase in RBC
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| erythrocytosis with intravascular and extracellurlar fluid volume loss could be attributed to: | preganancy, burns, diuretics, COPD w hypoxia
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| increase in WBC can be caused by | infection, steroids
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| decrease in WBC can be related to | HIV or clozaril
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| increase in glucose can be caused by | hyperglycemia r/t diabetes
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| decrease in glucose can be caused by | hypoglycemia r/t excessive insulin admin. or secretion, impaired gluconeogenesis, galactosuria, hypothyroidism, infectious sepsis.
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| increased potassium has a greater risk of this | cardiac arrhythmias
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| hyponatremia can be caused by | SSRIs
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| increased BUN related to decreased GFR and or an increase in tubular reabsoption is associated with | diarrhea and vomiting, diaphoresis hypotension, CHF, sepsis, renal insufficiency, etc.
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| BUN:Cr Ratio >10:1 | preserved GFR
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| A decrease in BUN can be related to | low protein diet, muscle wasting, starvation, cirrhosis, high urine flow
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| If BUN:Cr ratio is <10:1 it could mean | a decrease in urea production, associated with low protein intake, severe diarrhea and vomiting and hepatic insufficiency.
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| hypernatremia related to total body water deficit with water loss is greater than | sodium loss associated with diabetes, vomiting and diarrhea, diuresis, endocrine DOs
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| hyponatremia related to relative total body water excess can be associated with | excess water ingestion or inability of kidneys to excrete sufficiently dilute urine. CHF, cirrhosis with ascites, fluid and electrolyte loss and meningitis.
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