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Lab Values
As outlined by ANCC
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| RBC | M: 4.3-5.7 million cells/mm3 F: 3.8-5.1 million cells/mm3 |
| HGB | M:13.5-17.5g/dL F: 12-16g/dL |
| HCT | M:39-49% F:35-45% |
| WBC | 4.5-11 thousand cells/mm3 |
| leukocyte differential includes | basophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, neurtophils-bands, neutrophils segmented |
| normal range of basophils | 0-.075% |
| normal range of eosinophils | 1-3% |
| normal range of lymphocytes | 23-33% |
| normal range of monocytes | 3-7% |
| normal range of neutrophils-bands | 3-5% |
| normal range of neutrophils-segmented | 54-62% |
| Mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) | 25-34pg/cell |
| MCH concentrated | 31-37%Hb/cell |
| Mean corpuscular volume (MCV) | 80-100FL |
| Platelet count (thrombocytes) | 150-450 thousand/mm3 |
| ALT | 0-55 units/L |
| Albumin | 3.5-5.5 g/dL |
| AST | 0-50 units/L |
| bilirubin (total) | 0.2-1.2mg/dL |
| calcium (total) | 8.4-10.2mg/dL |
| CO2 (total) | 20-34mEq/L |
| Chloride | 96-112mEq/L |
| Creatinine | M: 0.7-1.3mg/dL F:0.6-1.1 mg/dL |
| adult glucose | 70-105mg/dL |
| over 60 years glucose | 80-115mg/dL |
| Hemoglobin A1C | <6.5 |
| Potassium | 3.5-5.1 mEq/L |
| Protein (total) | 6-8.5g/dL |
| Sodium | 136-146mEq/L |
| TSH | 2-10mcU/ml |
| Free T3 | 2.3-4.2pg/ml |
| Free T4 | 0.7-2.0 pg/ml |
| Urea Nitrogen/creatinine ratio | 12/1 - 20/1 |
| lab results associated with alcohol abuse/dependence | increased GGT, increased AST, increased ALT, increased alkaline phosphatase, increased MCV, increased amylase, increased triglycerides decreased platelets |
| AST/ALT ratio > 2.0, related to | alcoholic liver disease |
| HgbA1c monitors | an average of blood sugar over the past 6 weeks. |
| GGT stands for | gamma glutamyl transferase |
| GGT is used for | determining the case of elevated alkaline phosphatase (ALP). indicative of cardiac disease cause. |
| ALP is | alkaline phosphatase and is the first test for biliary disease |
| These lab values are related to anemia | decreased RBCs, Hgb, Hct |
| erythrocytosis is | an increase in RBC |
| erythrocytosis with intravascular and extracellurlar fluid volume loss could be attributed to: | preganancy, burns, diuretics, COPD w hypoxia |
| increase in WBC can be caused by | infection, steroids |
| decrease in WBC can be related to | HIV or clozaril |
| increase in glucose can be caused by | hyperglycemia r/t diabetes |
| decrease in glucose can be caused by | hypoglycemia r/t excessive insulin admin. or secretion, impaired gluconeogenesis, galactosuria, hypothyroidism, infectious sepsis. |
| increased potassium has a greater risk of this | cardiac arrhythmias |
| hyponatremia can be caused by | SSRIs |
| increased BUN related to decreased GFR and or an increase in tubular reabsoption is associated with | diarrhea and vomiting, diaphoresis hypotension, CHF, sepsis, renal insufficiency, etc. |
| BUN:Cr Ratio >10:1 | preserved GFR |
| A decrease in BUN can be related to | low protein diet, muscle wasting, starvation, cirrhosis, high urine flow |
| If BUN:Cr ratio is <10:1 it could mean | a decrease in urea production, associated with low protein intake, severe diarrhea and vomiting and hepatic insufficiency. |
| hypernatremia related to total body water deficit with water loss is greater than | sodium loss associated with diabetes, vomiting and diarrhea, diuresis, endocrine DOs |
| hyponatremia related to relative total body water excess can be associated with | excess water ingestion or inability of kidneys to excrete sufficiently dilute urine. CHF, cirrhosis with ascites, fluid and electrolyte loss and meningitis. |
Created by:
jonquil
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