Study for final
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| What invention led to the discovery of cells? | What is the Microscope?
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| What are the parts of the cell theory? A... C... N... | 1) All living things are made up of cells
2) Cells are the basic units of structure and function of cells
3) New cells are produced from existing cells - Rudolf Virchow
is what theory?
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| What is are the Vacuoles? (in a cell | What store materials like water, salts, proteins and carbohydrates, produce proteins by following coded instructions that come from DNA?
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| What is an Endoplasmic Reticulum? (in a cell) | Where are lipid components of the cell membrane assembled?
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| What is the Lysosome? (in a cell) | What breaks down lipids (or fats), carbohydrates, and proteins into smaller molecules that can be used by the rest of the cell?
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| What is the Golgi Apparatus? (in a cell) | What modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and other materials from the endoplasmic reticulum for storage in the cell or release outside the cell?
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| What are the Chloroplasts? (in a plant cell) | What captures the energy from the sunlight to convert it into food that contains chemicals energy in a process called photosynthesis?
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| What is the Cell Membrane? (in a cell) | What regulates what enters and leaves the cell and also protects and supports the cell?
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| What is the Cell Wall? (in a cell) | What is the strong supporting layer around the cell membrane in some cells?
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| What is the Cytoplasm? (in a cell) | What contains the cytosol (or gel like substance that fills the cell) and all other organelles outside of the nucleus?
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| What is A Nucleus? (in a cell) | What contains the cell's DNA, and coded instructions for making proteins and other important molecules?
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| Definition of a Phospholipid? | What is a part of a class of lipids that are major components of a cell's membrane?
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| What is a Hydrophilic head? | What Loves water and protects the Hydrophobic tails from the water?
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| What is a Hydrophobic tail? | What Hates water and gets protected by the Hydrophilic heads?
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| What is the Definition of a Phospholipid Bilayer? | What is a double layered sheet structure of a cell membrane that goes around the entire outside of a cell and is made up of phospholipids.
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| What is the Definition of a Fluid Mosaic Model? | What model describes the structure of cell membranes. In this model, a flexible layer made of lipid molecules is interspersed with large protein molecules that act as channels through which other molecules enter and leave the cell?
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| What is the Definition of Passive Transfusion | What is the movement of materials across the cell membrane without the use of energy?
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| What is the Definition of Simple Diffusion? | What is the process by which molecules of a substance move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration?
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| What is the Definition of Selectively Permeable? | What means to selectively let things in or through something?
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| What is the Mitochondria? (in a cell) | What converts the chemical energy stored in food into compounds that are more convenient for the cell to use
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| What are the Ribosomes? (in a cell) | What produces proteins by following coded instructions that come from DNA?
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| What are located in the center of the Nuclei? (in a cell) | Where is the Nucleolus located in the cell?
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| What is the Definition of Facilitated Diffusion? | What is the process in which molecules pass through the cell membrane?
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| What is Osmosis? | What is the movement of water in cells and outside of cells?
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| What is an Aquaporin? And Why is it important? | What is located in a cell membrane and allows water to pass right through them?
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| What is called Isotonic? | What is it called when there is a concentration of solutes are the same inside and outside of the cell?
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| What is called Hypotonic? | What is it called when on the outside, there is a lower solute concentration than the inside of a cell?
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| When it is called Hypotonic what goes into the cell causing it to swell? | The water moves into the cell causing it to swell.
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| What is called Hypertonic | What is it called when the outside of the cell has a higher solute concentration than inside the cell.
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| True or false? When it is called Hypertonic all of the water moves out of the cell. | True! When it is called Hypertonic some of the water will move out of the cell causing it to shrink.
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| What is the Definition of Active Transport? | What is the movement of materials against a concentration gradient that requires the use of energy?
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| How does the Protein Pump work? What does it use to let the proteins through? | What is a change in the shape of cell membrane proteins that allows substances to bind on one side of the membrane and be released on the other side?
A key is used to let the proteins through its actual name is ATP it fits into the side of the Pump.
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| What is the difference between Endocytosis and Exocytosis? | In En. the membrane forms a pocket around a particle(s) that needs to move into the cell. In Ex. the membrane of a vesicle forms around a particle(s) that need to be moved out of the cell
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| Definition of Theory... | A collection of hypotheses that have been proven many times.
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| Definition of Control... | A part of an experiment that does not change
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| What does the Arm of a microscope do? | Supports the microscope and you carry the microscope by holding this part of it.
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| What does the Ocular of a microscope do? | Is the lens closest to the viewer's eye and magnifies 10 time.
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| What does the Nosepiece of a microscope do? | it is used to switch from low to high power
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| what does the Scanning power on a microscope do? | it magnifies 4 times and is the smallest lens.
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| What does the Low power on a microscope do? | It magnifies 10 times and is the middle lens.
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| What does the High power on a microscope do? | It magnifies 40 times and is the longest lens.
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| What does the Course adjustment knob on a microscope do? | It is used to move the stage quickly.
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| What does the Fine adjustment knob on a microscope do? | It is used to focus on a specimen.
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| What does the Coverslip of a microscope do? | It covers the specimen and keeps it in its place.
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| What does the Slide of a microscope do? | It is the place of a specimen and holds it where the lens can see it.
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| What does the Stage of a microscope do? | It is the platform for the slide to go on.
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| What does the Stage Clips on a microscope do? | They keep the slide in place.
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| What does the Diaphragm on a microscope do? | It regulates the amount of light that shines on a specimen.
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| What does the Base on a microscope do? | It supports the microscope you put your hand under it to carry it.
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| What does the Mirror/Light of a microscope do? | It shines light on the specimen.
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| Six steps of the scientific method are? | Identify the problem, Collect observations, Form a hypothesis, Perform a controlled experiment, Record and analyze data, and Form a conclusion.
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| What are the 5 properties of life? | Cellular organization, Metabolism, Homeostasis, Reproduction, Growth and development.
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| Define homeostasis. | Is a stable internal environment.
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| Magnifications is... | How big something appears.
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| Resolution is... | How clear something is.
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| A dependent variable is... | The variable that changes in an experiment.
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| A independent variable is... | The variable that doesn't change in an experiment.
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| Define Equilibrium. | An equal concentration of solute throughout the solution.
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| ATP is... | The energy that fuels the activities of life in a cell.
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| Organelles... |
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| Nucleotides... |
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| RNA... | Instructions in genes to build proteins
Ribonucleic Acid.
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