Science Unit Test 1 Study Stack
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Which characteristics describe most nonmetals in the solid phase? | Brittle, cannot change shape without breaking, lack metallic luster
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| What is an isotope? | An element with a different number of neutrons than the periodic table suggests
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| In the isotope chlorine-35 what does the 35 refer to? | The atomic mass
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| What is an element? | Matter made up of one kind of atom
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| What are electrons? | Negatively charged particles
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| What are protons? | Positively charged particles
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| What is a neutron? | A particle with no charge
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| Where are protons located? | In the nucleus of atoms
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| Where are electrons located? | Floating around the nucleus
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| Where are neutrons located? | In the nucleus
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| Where is almost all the weight of an atom located? | In the nucleus of an atom
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| What is an atomic number? | The number of protons an atom has
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| What is atomic mass? | # of protons + # of neutrons - weight of element
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| What are periods? | Groups in the periodic table going horizontally
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| What do all elements in a period have in common? | The same number energy levels
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| What are groups? | Columns in the periodic table
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| What do all elements in groups have in common? | Have similar properties and form similar bonds- same number of valence electrons
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| Metals that are malleable are... | Easily bent and formed into lots of shapes
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| Metals that are ductile are... | Drawn out into wires without breaking
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| Nonmetals are usually what at room temperature | Gases
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| What state do all metalloids come in? | Solids
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| Where are metalloids found on the periodic table? | In between the metals and the nonmetals
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| What is a substance? | Matter that has the same composition and properties all throughout- Elements are substances
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| What are molecules? | Two or more atoms that are chemically joined together
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| What are compounds? | A molecule with two or more elements
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| What is a mixture? | When two or more elements come together but don't combine to make a new substance
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| What are two types of mixtures? | Heterogeneous- The same throughout
Homogeneous- Different throughout
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| What are valence electrons? | Electrons on the outer shell of elements
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| Ionic bonding occurs between what kinds of elements | Between metals and nonmetals
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| Covalent bonding occurs between what kinds of elements | Between two nonmetals
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| What are ions? | When an atom loses or gains an electron
-When it loses an electron it is a positive ion and when it gains one it is a negative ion
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| How many valence electrons does an atom need to be satisfied? | 8 to form an octet
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| In ionic bonding, electrons are transferred but in covalent bonding they are... | Shared
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| How many electrons can each shell hold? | First shell- two electrons
Second shell- 8 electrons
Third shell- 18 electrons
Fourth shell- 32 electrons
Fifth shell-- 50 electrons
Sixth shell- 72 electrons
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