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Properties of Matter
Science Unit Test 1 Study Stack
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which characteristics describe most nonmetals in the solid phase? | Brittle, cannot change shape without breaking, lack metallic luster |
| What is an isotope? | An element with a different number of neutrons than the periodic table suggests |
| In the isotope chlorine-35 what does the 35 refer to? | The atomic mass |
| What is an element? | Matter made up of one kind of atom |
| What are electrons? | Negatively charged particles |
| What are protons? | Positively charged particles |
| What is a neutron? | A particle with no charge |
| Where are protons located? | In the nucleus of atoms |
| Where are electrons located? | Floating around the nucleus |
| Where are neutrons located? | In the nucleus |
| Where is almost all the weight of an atom located? | In the nucleus of an atom |
| What is an atomic number? | The number of protons an atom has |
| What is atomic mass? | # of protons + # of neutrons - weight of element |
| What are periods? | Groups in the periodic table going horizontally |
| What do all elements in a period have in common? | The same number energy levels |
| What are groups? | Columns in the periodic table |
| What do all elements in groups have in common? | Have similar properties and form similar bonds- same number of valence electrons |
| Metals that are malleable are... | Easily bent and formed into lots of shapes |
| Metals that are ductile are... | Drawn out into wires without breaking |
| Nonmetals are usually what at room temperature | Gases |
| What state do all metalloids come in? | Solids |
| Where are metalloids found on the periodic table? | In between the metals and the nonmetals |
| What is a substance? | Matter that has the same composition and properties all throughout- Elements are substances |
| What are molecules? | Two or more atoms that are chemically joined together |
| What are compounds? | A molecule with two or more elements |
| What is a mixture? | When two or more elements come together but don't combine to make a new substance |
| What are two types of mixtures? | Heterogeneous- The same throughout Homogeneous- Different throughout |
| What are valence electrons? | Electrons on the outer shell of elements |
| Ionic bonding occurs between what kinds of elements | Between metals and nonmetals |
| Covalent bonding occurs between what kinds of elements | Between two nonmetals |
| What are ions? | When an atom loses or gains an electron -When it loses an electron it is a positive ion and when it gains one it is a negative ion |
| How many valence electrons does an atom need to be satisfied? | 8 to form an octet |
| In ionic bonding, electrons are transferred but in covalent bonding they are... | Shared |
| How many electrons can each shell hold? | First shell- two electrons Second shell- 8 electrons Third shell- 18 electrons Fourth shell- 32 electrons Fifth shell-- 50 electrons Sixth shell- 72 electrons |
Created by:
lopiegabby
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