Adult Test 3
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| show | a systolic pressure at or above 140 and/or diastolic at or above 90 without DM.
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| What is the preferred BP for a person with diabetes or heart disease? | show 🗑
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| show | reduce stroke by 35-45%, reduce MI by 20-25%, reduce heart failure by more than 50%
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| show | retinal damage, reduced vision
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| show | stroke, transient ischemic attack; dementia
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| show | coronary artery disease, heart failure, enlarged heart
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| complications of high BP in the circulation: | show 🗑
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| show | renal failure
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| show | low K+, Mg, and Ca intake; family hx; overweight; excessive alcohol consumption; stress; physical inactivity; excessive sodium consumption
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| show | BP= CO x SVR (cardiac output times systemic vascular resistance)
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| Why do men have hypertension more than women? | show 🗑
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| What is atherosclerosis? | show 🗑
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| show | benign essential hypertension
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| What is the one place in the body you can see arteries and veins without invasive procedures? | show 🗑
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| show | primary= screenings, secondary= referral to a doctor, tertiary= diet, exercise, smoking cessation
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| show | benign essential, primary, white coat, isolated systolic, malignant
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| what are some s/s of hypertension? | show 🗑
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| What is the best way to get an accurate blood pressure reading? | show 🗑
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| show | DASH diet, exercise, smoking cessation, control of risk factors, etc.
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| What are some treatments of HTN? | show 🗑
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| show | 180/110 or higher
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| What is the difference between an emergency and urgency? | show 🗑
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| show | untreated or inadequately treated high BP, renal disease, intracerebral hemorrhage, pregnancy induced, acute aortic dissection
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| Nursing Interventions for hypertensive crisis? | show 🗑
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| show | arterial, venous, lymphatic
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| peripheral vascular disease usually affects which part of the body the most? | show 🗑
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| clinical manifestations and management of PVD differ depending on? | show 🗑
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| show | PVD. (veins have valves, arteries don't)
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| Why does venous insufficiency occur? | show 🗑
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| show | venous stasis ulcers, swelling, cellulitis
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| What type of people are at high risk for PVD? | show 🗑
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| what s/s does a person have with PVD? | show 🗑
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| what do ulcers related to PVD look like? | show 🗑
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| show | compression therapy; if no ulceration TED stockings is the main thing, if there are ulcers they may use Unna boots
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| show | walking
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| show | elevate legs above heart in bed, keep legs elevated for 20 min 4 to 5 times a day, avoid crossing legs, do not stand with legs locked
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| show | states to get a venous thrombosis there must be endothelial injury, venous stasis, or hypercoaguablity
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| thrombophlebitis | show 🗑
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| phlebitis | show 🗑
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| show | surgery, ulcerative colitis, heart failure, immobility, sitting still for long periods of time, intravenous therapy, infection, lupus, polycythemia vera, contraceptives, trauma, cancer
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| show | calf or groin tenderness and pain and sudden onset of unilateral swelling of the affected extremity
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| show | Homan's sign, can dislodge a clot
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| show | D-Dimer, means somewhere there is a clot breaking up
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| interventions for DVT? | show 🗑
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| what can cause a pulmonary embolism? | show 🗑
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| What is the prognosis for a pulmonary embolism? | show 🗑
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| show | sudden onset dyspnea, pleuritic chest pain, apprehension, restlessness, feeling of impending doom, cough, hemoptysis, tachypnea, crackles, pleural friction rub, diaphoresis, decreased SaO2
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| diagnosis of pulmonary embolism | show 🗑
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| show | promote oxygenation, reassurance, keep calm, don't leave them alone!, HOB elevated, oxygen therapy, anticoagulants, embolectomy, vena cava filter
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| what is associated with metabolic syndrome (syndrome X)? | show 🗑
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| show | arterial insufficiency, Raynauds disease, thromboangitis obliterans
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| anyone can get an acute arterial occlusion which can be caused by what? | show 🗑
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| chronic arterial occlusive disease includes what mechanisms? | show 🗑
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| show | thickening and decreased elasticity of arterial walls; occurs with aging
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| atherosclerosis | show 🗑
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| What happens if plaque breaks off? | show 🗑
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| show | 70%
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| show | smoking, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, high C reactive protein, age, HTN, obesity, familial predisposition, 60 years or older, african american
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| s/s of PAD | show 🗑
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| show | may not be painful; usually on the toes, foot, malleolus; rounded and smooth edges, minimal drainage, black eschar and pale pink granulation tissue
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| show | doppler ultrasound, ankle-brachial index, duplex imaging, angiograms, MRI
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| show | place patient in supine position, using hand held doppler measure the ankle systolic pressures and brachial systolic pressures bilat; divide the ankle systolic BPs by the HIGHER brachial measurements; gives relative idea of circulation
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| ABI results: | show 🗑
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| show | the 40 year old lacks collateral circulation
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| what occurs with collateral circulation? | show 🗑
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| show | when the person with PAD is walking and get a pain in the leg and when they sit down the pain subsides but it will return; it occurs related to intermittent blockage of blood flow; at first it only occurs during activity but later it also occurs at rest
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| non-surgical management of PAD? | show 🗑
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| evidenced based care shows correlation between ________ levels and PAD | show 🗑
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| What teaching would you do with PAD patients? | show 🗑
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| show | arterial bypass procedure, endarterectomy, balloon or artherectomy, patch grafting
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| What is an arterial bypass procedure? | show 🗑
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| show | They go in and clean out the plaque build up in the artery, can cause a stroke if plaque moves to brain
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| Nursing care after surgical procedure for PAD? | show 🗑
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| When are people encouraged to ambulate after surgical procedure of PAD? | show 🗑
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| show | pain; this is why analgesia is administered carefully
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| show | reocclusion, hemorrhage, colon ischemia, prolonged ileus, renal artery embolism, ischemic decubiti, infection of graft, renal failure, compartment syndrome, DVT
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| Why is Raynaud's known as the patriotic disease? | show 🗑
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| What is Raynaud's disease? | show 🗑
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| Who is Raynaud's common in? | show 🗑
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| show | may be because of an exaggerated response to sympathetic nervous system stimulation, occupational related trauma and pressure, exposure to heavy metals, secondary to other diseases such as RA and SLE
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| How can a person manage Raynauds? | show 🗑
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| thromboangitis obliterans (Buerger's disease) | show 🗑
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| show | stop smoking, do not use nicotine patches, amputation is common
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