ARDMS, vascular, RVT, sonography, ultrasound
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| What is the TCD temporal depth of the MCA and the flow direction | 30-60 mm - antegrade
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| What is the TCD temporal depth of the Terminal ICA as well as the direction of flow? | 55-65 mm -bi-direct
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| What is the TCD temporal depth of the ACA as well as the direction of flow? | 60-80 mm -retrograde
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| What is the TCD temporal depth of the PCA as well as the direction of flow? | 60-70 mm -antegrade
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| Name the possible collateral pathways of cerebrovascular systemn and describe them | cross-over: antegrade flow in ACA
ECA-ICA: retro flow in Opthalmic A
Posterior-Antrior: increased PCA flow
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| Another name for cross-over pathway? | hemisphere-hemisphere
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| What is the 1st branch off the ICA? | Opthalmic Artery
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| Which branch of the terminal ICA is the largest | MCA
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| What are common stroke symptoms? | Numbness/weakness especially unilateral face, arm , leg
confusion
double vision, temp. loss of
trouble walking/coordination/dizziness
severe HA
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| What is amaurosis fugax? | temporary loss of vision in 1 eye, lack of blood flow to retina
a sign of impending stroke
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| Describe drop attack. | sudden fall w/out loss of consciousness
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| Symptoms associated with ICA lesion | uni-paresis
uni-paresthesia
aphasia
amaurosis fugax
sensory changes
contralateral weakness
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| Symptoms associated with MCA lesion | aphasia/dysphasia
contralateral severe facial/arm hemiparesis/plegia
behavorial changes (rt)
agitated delirium (lower)
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| Symptoms associated with ACA lesion | Severe leg hemiparesis/plegia
incontinence
loss of coordination
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| Symptoms associated with vertebrobasilar lesion | numbness around lips/mouth
veritgo
ataxia
bil blurring/double vision
drop attack
bil. paresthesia/anesthesia
amnesia
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| Symptoms associated with PCA lesion | dyslexia
coma
paralysis
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| What is the sample volume size typically used in diagnostic US? | 1-1.5mm
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| What forms the confluence of the portal vein? | The splenic vein and the SMV
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| Location of TIPS | right portal and right hepatic
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| Describe resistance of pre-prandial mesenteric vessels. | high resistance w/reverse componet
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| Describe resistance of post-prandial mesenteric vessels. | low resistance w/higher diastole
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| Describe Homogeneous plaque | predominately echogenic (calcification may present)
uniformly echogenic
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| Describe Heterogeneous plaque | uniformly sonolucent
predominately sonolucent (calcification may be present)
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| Flow resistance of the ICA | LOW
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| Flow resistance of the ECA | high
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| What is the best way to identify which vessel is the ECA from the ICA? | temporal tap
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| How many branches does the ECA have? | 8
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| Name the branches of the ECA. | 1. Superior thyroid A
2. Ascending pharagenyal
3. linguinal
4. facial
5. occipital
6. posterior auricular
Terminal B
7. maxillary
superficial temporal
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| Name the 1st branch off the ECA. | Superior thyroid artery
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| Renal artery ratio that indicates stenosis? | >3.5
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| What is the most common issue w/in 24 months of an endarectomy? | Significant stenosis
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| The cephalic course? (medial, lateral) | lateral
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| What vessel does the brachial connect to? | axillary
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| WHat does the cephalic v connect to? | axillary and becomes subclavian
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