Chapter 3 and 4 Vocabulary
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Mineralogists | Scientists who study the distribution of minerals, mineral properties, and their uses
are
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| Luster | the way a mineral reflects or absorbs light at its
surface.
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| Streak | the color of a mineral in powdered form
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| Hardness | the resistance of a mineral to being scratched
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| Fracture | If a mineral breaks to form uneven surfaces, it has
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| Cleavage | If a mineral breaks with smooth, flat surfaces, it has
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| Density | The mass of an object divided by its volume is the ____________________ of a mineral
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| Mineral | a naturally occurring, inorganic solid, with a
definite chemical composition.
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| Silicate | a mineral
that contains silicon and oxygen in its crystal structure, although it can also
contain other elements.
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| Crystallization | Dissolved minerals in water can undergo , or solidify in an orderly arrangement of atoms, when the water evaporates.
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| magma | molten rock below Earth’s surface
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| lava | magma that erupts onto Earth’s surface
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| ore | Rocks that contain high enough concentrations of a desired substance, such as a metal, so that it can be mined for profit
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| gemstone | a rare and attractive mineral that can be worn as jewelry
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| deposit | sediment or rock added to a
landform
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| grain | fragment that makes up a rock
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| lava | molten rock that erupts on
Earth’s surface
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| magma | molten or liquid rock
underground
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| mineral | naturally occurring,
inorganic solid with a definite
chemical composition and an
orderly arrangement of atoms
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| rock | natural, solid mixture of minerals
or particles
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| rock cycle | series of processes that
change one type of rock into another
type of rock
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| sediment | rock material that is
broken down into smaller pieces
or dissolved in water as rocks
erode
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| texture | grain size and the way
grains fit together in a rock
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| extrusive rock | igneous rock that
cools and crystallizes on Earth’s
surface
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| intrusive rock | igneous rock that
forms as magma cools underground
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| volcanic glass | rock that forms
when lava cools too quickly to
form crystals
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| biochemical rock | sedimentary rock
that was formed by organisms or
contains the remains of organisms
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| cementation | crystallization of
minerals from water into the
spaces between sediment grains
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| chemical rock | made of minerals
that crystallize directly from water
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| clast | broken piece or fragment of
rock
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| clastic rocks | sedimentary rock made
of clasts of minerals or rock
fragments
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| compaction | process that squeezes
out fluids and decreases the space
between the grains in a sediment
deposit
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| foliated rock | contains parallel
layers of flat and elongated
minerals
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| metamorphism | process that affects
structure or composition of rocks
in the solid state; occurs due to
changes in heat, pressure, or the
addition of chemical fluids
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| nonfoliated rock | has mineral grains
with a random interlocking texture
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| plastic deformation | permanent
change in rock shape caused by
bending and folding
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Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
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