Infection Control
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| Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) | is caused by HIV and suppresses the immune system
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| aerobic | organisms that require oxygen to live
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| airborne precautions | are used for patients known or suspected to be infected with pathogens transmitted by airborne droplet nuclei.
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| anaerobic | organisms live and reproduce without oxygen
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| antisepsis | prevent or inhibit growth of pathogenic organisms but are not always effective against spores or viruses
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| asepsis | the absence of disease producing microorganisms or pathogens
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| autoclave | a piece of equipment that uses steam under pressure or gas to sterilize equipment and supplies
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| bacteria | simple one celled organisms that are round spherical shaped (Cocci)
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| bioterrorism | use of microorganisms or biologic agents as weapons to infect humans
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| causative agent | a pathogen such as a bacterium or virus that can cause a disease
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| cavitation | when bubbles strike the items being cleaned
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| chain of infection | how a disease spreads from one individual to another
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| clean | objects or parts of objects do not contain disease producing organisms
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| communicable disease | caused by a pathogenic organism that can be easily transmitted to others
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| contact precautions | must be followed for any patients known or suspetced to be infected with epidemiologically(capable of spreading rapidly from person to person0
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| contaminated | organisms and pathogens are present
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| disinfection | this process destroys or kills pathogenic organisms, but not always effective against spores and viruses
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| droplet precautions | must be followed for a patient known or suspect to be infected with pathogens transmitted by large particle droplets expelled by coughing,sneezing,talking,orlauging
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| endogenous | the infection or disease originates within the body
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| epidemic | when the communicable disease is caused by a pathogenic organism that can be easily transmitted to others
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| exogenous | the infection or disease originates outside the body
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| fomites | objects contaminated with infectious material that contains the pathogens
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| fungi | simple plantlike organisms that live on dead organic matter
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| helminths | multicellular parasitic organisms commonly called worms or flukes
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| hepatitis b | serum hepatitis caused by the HBV virus and is transmitted by blood,serum,and other body secretions. it affects the liver
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| hepatitis c | caused by the hepatitis c virus is transmitted by blood and blood containing fluids. can cause serious liver damage
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| microorganism | a small living organism that is not visible to the naked eye
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| mode of tranmission | a way that the causative agent can be transmitted to another reservoir or host where it can live
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| nonpathogens | microorganisms that are beneficial to the body
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| nosocomial | one acquired by an individual in the health care facility and transmitted by healthcare workers to the patient
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| opportunistic | those that occur when the body's defenses are weak
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| pandemic | when the outbreak of disease occurs over a wide geographic area and affects a high proportion of the population
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| pathogens | microorganisms that cause infection and disease
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| personal protective equipment (PPE) | gloves,gowns,lab coats,masks,and face shields
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| portal of entry | a way for the causative agent to enter a new reservoir or host.
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| portal of exit | a way for the causative agent to escape from the reservoir in which it has been growing.
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| protective (reverse) isolation | method used to protect certain patients from organisms present in the enviornment
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| protozoa | one celled animal like organisms often found in decayed materials,animal or bird feces,insect bites,and contaminated water
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| reservoir | area where the causative agent can live
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| rickettsiae | parasitic microorganisms they cant live outside the cells of living organisms
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| standard precautions | rules developed by the CDC
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| sterile | free from all organisms both pathogenic and nonpathogenic
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| sterile field | a area that has been set up for sterile things
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| sterilization | process that destroys or kills all pathogenic organisms
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| susceptible host | a person likely to get an infection or disease
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| transmission-based isolation precautions | a technique for patients who have communicable diseases
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| ultrasonic | cleaning using sound waves
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| viruses | one of a large group of very small microorganisms,many of which cause disease
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| chemical disinfection | cold sterilization a few chemicals will kill spores and viruses, but these chemicals frequently require that instruments be submerged in the chemical for 10 or more hours
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Created by:
cierrakenerly
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