7 Science Ch 2 Revie
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| botanist | scientist who studies plants
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| ovule | A plant structure in seed plants that contains an egg cell.
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| embryo | the beginning of a new plant
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| endosperm | stored food in a seed
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| seed coat | protective covering of a seed
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| plumule | part of the plant embryo that will become the stem and leaves
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| radicle | part of the plant embryo that will become the root system
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| cotyledons | part of the seed designed for food absorption and storage
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| germination | early growth of a seed
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| fruit | a mature ovary that contains a seed or seeds
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| photosynthesis | a process by which plants use the sun's energy to make food.
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| seedling | a plant which no longer depends on its cotyledons for food
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| annual | A flowering plant that completes its life cycle in one growing season.
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| biennial | A plant that completes its life cycle in two growing seasons
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| perennial | plant that lives from year to year and blooms each growing season
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| angiosperm | flowering plant
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| gymnosperm | nonflowering seed plant
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| bulb | structure made of layers of thick, fleshy leaves surrounding a very short stem
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| corm | thick, vertical, underground stems
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| rhizone | horizontal stems lying along or just under the ground
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| spike | long flower arrangement with clusters attached directly to the stem
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| umbel | arrangement of flowers that have stems of nearly equal length emerging from a common point on the main stem
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| node | place where the leaf attaches to the stem
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| blade | the broad, flat portion of a leaf
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| sheath | Base of the leaf that wraps around the stem, attaches the culm to the blade
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| stolon | a creeping stem that grows along the ground
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| raceme | long flower arrangement with flowers that grow on small stems that branch off the main stem
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| petiole | a stalk that joins the leaf to a node of the stem
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| sessile | leaves with no petioles, but are attached directly to the stem by a sheath
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| simple leaf | plant with only one leaf blade attached to a petiole
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| compound leaf | plant which has more than one leaf blade joined to a petiole
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| leaflet | blades of a compound leaf
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| leaf margin | edges of a leaf
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| venation | vein pattern of a leaf
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| producer | An organism that can make its own food.
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| consumer | animals and people who eat plants
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| chlorophyll | the green pigment of plants that is necessary for photosynthesis
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| stoma | pores on the underside of the leaf
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| glucose | simple sugar that acts as an energy source for cells of living things
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| taproot system | a root system in which the primary root grows straight down and remains larger than the secondary roots that branch from it
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| fibrous root system | a root system in which the primary root remains small and many slender secondary roots grow from it in all directions
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| root cap | A structure that covers the tip of a root, protecting the root from injury
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| primary growth | Plant growth that results in the lengthening of roots and shoots
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| secondary growth | Increase width of stem & roots.
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| semipermeable membrance | a membrane that allows only certain molecules to pass through
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| Sprengel | Christian botanist who discovered that each flower's nectar-producing organs have special colors designed to attract various insects
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| reproduction | primary function of a flower
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| moisture, favorable temperature, oxygen | three main things seeds require to germinate
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| structure of the flowers and fruits | characteristics botanists use to classify flowering plants into families
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| pea family | family of plants that helps return nitrogen to the soil
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| three basic leaf shapes | broad and flat, long and narrow, needlelike or scalelike
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| two types of compound leaves | palmately compound leaves and pinnately compound leaves
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| osmosis | process by which water and dissolved chemicals are absorbed through the cell membranes of root hairs
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| mechanical dispersal | ripened fruit bursts open, scattering the seeds
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| agent dispersal | animals, humans, wind or water currents scatter seeds
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| opposite leaves | two leaves grow from one node on opposite sides of the stem
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| alternate leaves | individual leaves that grow in alternating pattern along the stem
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| whorled leaves | three or more leaves growing from the same node on the stem
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| rosette | a cluster of leaves growing around the base of a plant
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| starches | plants store excess glucose in this form
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