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7 Science Ch 2 Revie
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| botanist | scientist who studies plants |
| ovule | A plant structure in seed plants that contains an egg cell. |
| embryo | the beginning of a new plant |
| endosperm | stored food in a seed |
| seed coat | protective covering of a seed |
| plumule | part of the plant embryo that will become the stem and leaves |
| radicle | part of the plant embryo that will become the root system |
| cotyledons | part of the seed designed for food absorption and storage |
| germination | early growth of a seed |
| fruit | a mature ovary that contains a seed or seeds |
| photosynthesis | a process by which plants use the sun's energy to make food. |
| seedling | a plant which no longer depends on its cotyledons for food |
| annual | A flowering plant that completes its life cycle in one growing season. |
| biennial | A plant that completes its life cycle in two growing seasons |
| perennial | plant that lives from year to year and blooms each growing season |
| angiosperm | flowering plant |
| gymnosperm | nonflowering seed plant |
| bulb | structure made of layers of thick, fleshy leaves surrounding a very short stem |
| corm | thick, vertical, underground stems |
| rhizone | horizontal stems lying along or just under the ground |
| spike | long flower arrangement with clusters attached directly to the stem |
| umbel | arrangement of flowers that have stems of nearly equal length emerging from a common point on the main stem |
| node | place where the leaf attaches to the stem |
| blade | the broad, flat portion of a leaf |
| sheath | Base of the leaf that wraps around the stem, attaches the culm to the blade |
| stolon | a creeping stem that grows along the ground |
| raceme | long flower arrangement with flowers that grow on small stems that branch off the main stem |
| petiole | a stalk that joins the leaf to a node of the stem |
| sessile | leaves with no petioles, but are attached directly to the stem by a sheath |
| simple leaf | plant with only one leaf blade attached to a petiole |
| compound leaf | plant which has more than one leaf blade joined to a petiole |
| leaflet | blades of a compound leaf |
| leaf margin | edges of a leaf |
| venation | vein pattern of a leaf |
| producer | An organism that can make its own food. |
| consumer | animals and people who eat plants |
| chlorophyll | the green pigment of plants that is necessary for photosynthesis |
| stoma | pores on the underside of the leaf |
| glucose | simple sugar that acts as an energy source for cells of living things |
| taproot system | a root system in which the primary root grows straight down and remains larger than the secondary roots that branch from it |
| fibrous root system | a root system in which the primary root remains small and many slender secondary roots grow from it in all directions |
| root cap | A structure that covers the tip of a root, protecting the root from injury |
| primary growth | Plant growth that results in the lengthening of roots and shoots |
| secondary growth | Increase width of stem & roots. |
| semipermeable membrance | a membrane that allows only certain molecules to pass through |
| Sprengel | Christian botanist who discovered that each flower's nectar-producing organs have special colors designed to attract various insects |
| reproduction | primary function of a flower |
| moisture, favorable temperature, oxygen | three main things seeds require to germinate |
| structure of the flowers and fruits | characteristics botanists use to classify flowering plants into families |
| pea family | family of plants that helps return nitrogen to the soil |
| three basic leaf shapes | broad and flat, long and narrow, needlelike or scalelike |
| two types of compound leaves | palmately compound leaves and pinnately compound leaves |
| osmosis | process by which water and dissolved chemicals are absorbed through the cell membranes of root hairs |
| mechanical dispersal | ripened fruit bursts open, scattering the seeds |
| agent dispersal | animals, humans, wind or water currents scatter seeds |
| opposite leaves | two leaves grow from one node on opposite sides of the stem |
| alternate leaves | individual leaves that grow in alternating pattern along the stem |
| whorled leaves | three or more leaves growing from the same node on the stem |
| rosette | a cluster of leaves growing around the base of a plant |
| starches | plants store excess glucose in this form |
Created by:
Mrs_CC
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