LEJA 201 Ch 1
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| T/F Under common law doctrine, the legal system the American colonists brought from England, a juvenile age 7 or older could receive the same punishment as an adult. | True
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| Where was the first juvenile court founded? | Cook County, Illinois
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| What does the term parens patriae mean? | a legal doctrine in which the state plays the role of a parent. State as parent.
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| What is jurisdiction? | The authority granted by law to hear a case.
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| T/F The authority granted by law to hear a case is called jurisdiction. | True
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| What is a status offense? | acts committed by juveniles that would not be considered crimes if adults committed them.
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| T/F A status offense would not be considered a crime if committed by an adult. | True
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| What is adjudication? | Decision by a juvenile court judge that the juvenile committed the delinquent act.
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| T/F A decision by a juvenile court judge that a juvenile committed the delinquent act is called adjudication. | True
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| What is a delinquency? | Any behavior that is prohibited by the juvenile law of state.
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| Any behavior that is prohibited by the juvenile law of state is called... | delinquency
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| Which of the following is not a status offense? a.Running away from home b. violating curfew c. skipping school d. smoking marijuana e. incorrigibility | smoking marijuana
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| What is the upper age limit for most juvenile courts that may hear a case? | 17
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| What is aftercare? | A procedure by which a juvenile is removed from the juvenile justice process and provided with treatment services.
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| A procedure by which a juvenile is removed from the juvenile justice process and provided with treatment services is called... | aftercare
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| What is intake? | The procedure by which juvenile court staff decides whether to process the case further in court, handle the case informally, or dismiss the case.
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| The procedure by which juvenile court staff decides whether to process the case further in court, handle the case informally, or dismiss the case is called... | intake
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| What is victim restitution? | A sanction by which a juvenile offender pays the victim for the harm done by the juvenile.
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| A sanction by which a juvenile offender pays the victim for the harm done by the juvenile is called... | victim restitution
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| A sanction requiring a juvenile offender to perform a predetermined number of hours of volunteer work is called... | community service
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| What is community service? | A sanction requiring a juvenile offender to perform a predetermined number of hours of volunteer work.
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| What is probation? | A disposition, imposed by the court, allowing the adjudicated offender to remain in the community as long as the offender abides by certain conditions.
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| A disposition, imposed by the court, allowing the adjudicated offender to remain in the community as long as the offender abides by certain conditions is called... | probation
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| When a juvenile is sent to an institution, camp, ranch, or group home is called... | residential placement
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| What is residential placement? | When a juvenile is sent to an institution, camp, ranch, or group home
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| T/F The first documented case where the concept of parens patriae was questioned in a legal setting in the United States was the case of Ex Parte Crouse. | True
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| What is the Ex Parte Crouse case? | The first documented case where the concept of parens patriae was questioned in a legal setting in the United States
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| T/F Juveniles have always had the same rights in delinquency proceedings as adults have had in criminal proceedings. | False
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| T/F Before the 20th century, juveniles were essentially chattel or property. | True
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| T/F A religious group in early America who believed that through hard work, religion, and education a person could get closer to God was called Puritans. | True
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| T/F The first American penal institution to address juvenile issues specifically was the Walnut street Jail in Philadelphia. | True
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| Where was the first American penal institution to address juvenile issues specifically? | Walnut street Jail in Philadelphia
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| The Juvenile court system in the US has been in existence since... | 1899
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| What is in locos parentis? | The legal concept of allowing the state to "act in place of the parents"
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| The legal concept of allowing the state to "act in place of the parents" is called | in loco parentis
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| Who were the Child Savers? | A group of progressive reformers in the late 1800s who were responsible for the creation of the juvenile justice system in the Unites States.
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| A group of progressive reformers in the late 1800s who were responsible for the creation of the juvenile justice system in the Unites States were called... | The Child Savers
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| What is the Illinois Juvenile Court of 1899? | First legislation in the United States to specifically provide for a separate system of juvenile justice.
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| Mens rea means... | The guilty mind
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| What are the three periods of juvenile justice history? | traditional period, the due process revolution, and the punitive period
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| during which period of juvenile justice history did passage of the Illinois Juvenile Court Act of 1899 occur? | Traditional
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| During which period of juvenile justice history did children begin to be defined as persons with associated rights and protections? | due process
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| During which period of juvenile justice history did the use of determinate sentences for juveniles occur? | Punitive
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| T/F The Uniform Crime Report is compiled by the Department of Homeland Security. | False
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| T/F The larger the family size, the more likely it is that a child in the family will be delinquent. | True
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| T/F Juveniles are responsible for most crimes in the United States. | False
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| T/F Risk factors put juveniles in greater risk of becoming delinquent while protective factors insulate a juvenile from becoming delinquent. | True
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| Accurate records concerning juveniles who commit delinquent acts are sometimes difficult or impossible to obtain because of... | confidentiality and sealing restrictions
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| What are risk factors? | Variables that, by their presence or absence, are correlated with delinquency.
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| What are protective factors? | Variables that correlate with not committing delinquent acts.
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| The amount of juvenile crime is measured by all but one of the following methods: experiments, official records, victimization surveys, self-report studies | experiments
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| The amount of juvenile crime is measured by what methods? | official records, victimization surveys, and self-report studies
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| According to the text, the most comprehensive official measure of crime in the United States is what? | the Uniform Crime Report
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| The Uniform Crime Report is compiled by whom? | Federal Bureau of Investigation
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| Where does the Uniform Crime Report get its data? | crimes reported to the police and then reported to the FBI
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| Since 2006, the violent crime index for juveniles has dropped what percent? | dropped nearly 12%
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| What is part of the violent crime index? | murder, rape, robbery, aggravated assault
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| What is a self-report study? | a survey of crime victims
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| What is the funnel effect? | The way in which the number of cases processed through the juvenile justice system decreases at each successive step.
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| What is the dark figure of crime? | The phrase used to describe the number of crimes committed, but undiscovered or unreported.
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| An example of a victimless crime: murder, assault, larceny, auto theft, prostitution | prostitution
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| A national survey of households on the subject of victimization that is conducted by the Bureau of Justice Statistics is called what? | The National Crime Victimization Survey
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| Which child is least likely to be delinquent? | the first born
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| The text offers several explanations for the general declines in juvenile crime beginning in 1994. Which of these explanations emphasizes the role of changes to policing strategies? | community policing/ community justice explanation
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