Chapter 9 Study Guide
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Rocks change in a predictable pattern known as what? | rock cycle
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| How can rocks from deep inside the earth's crust rise to the surface? | volcanoes or earthquakes
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| How do igneous rocks form? | when magma and lava cool
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| What do you call igneous rocks that cool quickly? | extrusive
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| What do you call igneous rocks that cool slowly? | intrusive
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| How do sedimentary rocks form? | when small pieces of rocks, minerals, plants, and animals are deposited in layers
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| Give some examples of sedimentary rocks | sandstone, shale, limestone, conglomerate
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| Which kind of rock can contain fossils? | sedimentary
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| How does metamorphic rock form? | heat and pressure
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| Give some examples of metamorphic rock | marble, slate, gneiss
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| What is the lithosphere? | the upper mantle and crust
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| What does the Theory of Plate Tectonics state? | the lithosphere plates are floating on the top of the lower mantle
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| what kinds of natural disasters can be caused by the movement of plates? | tsunamis, earthquakes, and volcanoes
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| When do convergent boundaries occur? | when they crash
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| When do divergent boundaries occur? | pull apart
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| When do transform boundaries occur? | slide past another
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| What is an echo sounder? | an instrument placed on the bottom of a ship that uses sound waves to measure depth
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| What are three basic ares of the ocean? | continental margins, deep ocean basin, and ocean ridges
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| What does the continental margin include? | shelf and slope
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| What part of the ocean borders the continents? | shelf
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| Large, flat sections of the ocean floor are called what? | abyssal
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| Underwater volcanic mountains are called what? | seamounts
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| Underwater valleys are called what? | trenches
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| What do air and ocean currents distribute among the earth? | heat
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| What are surface ocean currents driven by? | temperature and wind
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| What causes deep ocean currents? | water density and gravity
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| is colder water more or less dense? | more
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| Is saltier water more or less dense? | more
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| Which direction do ocean currents move in the Northern Hemisphere? | clockwise
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| When can ocean currents cause irregular weather patterns? | When ocean currents don't flow according to the normal patterns
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| What will come to the surface when an upwelling occurs? | nutrients for fish to eat
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| How are the earth's magnetic poles different form the geographic poles? | the magnetic poles move
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| What mineral can act as a natural compass with particles always pointing north? | magnatite
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| The Mid Atlantic Ridge occurs at what kind of boundary? | divergent
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| What are two common igneous rocks? | granite and basalt
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