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Science 5
Chapter 9 Study Guide
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Rocks change in a predictable pattern known as what? | rock cycle |
| How can rocks from deep inside the earth's crust rise to the surface? | volcanoes or earthquakes |
| How do igneous rocks form? | when magma and lava cool |
| What do you call igneous rocks that cool quickly? | extrusive |
| What do you call igneous rocks that cool slowly? | intrusive |
| How do sedimentary rocks form? | when small pieces of rocks, minerals, plants, and animals are deposited in layers |
| Give some examples of sedimentary rocks | sandstone, shale, limestone, conglomerate |
| Which kind of rock can contain fossils? | sedimentary |
| How does metamorphic rock form? | heat and pressure |
| Give some examples of metamorphic rock | marble, slate, gneiss |
| What is the lithosphere? | the upper mantle and crust |
| What does the Theory of Plate Tectonics state? | the lithosphere plates are floating on the top of the lower mantle |
| what kinds of natural disasters can be caused by the movement of plates? | tsunamis, earthquakes, and volcanoes |
| When do convergent boundaries occur? | when they crash |
| When do divergent boundaries occur? | pull apart |
| When do transform boundaries occur? | slide past another |
| What is an echo sounder? | an instrument placed on the bottom of a ship that uses sound waves to measure depth |
| What are three basic ares of the ocean? | continental margins, deep ocean basin, and ocean ridges |
| What does the continental margin include? | shelf and slope |
| What part of the ocean borders the continents? | shelf |
| Large, flat sections of the ocean floor are called what? | abyssal |
| Underwater volcanic mountains are called what? | seamounts |
| Underwater valleys are called what? | trenches |
| What do air and ocean currents distribute among the earth? | heat |
| What are surface ocean currents driven by? | temperature and wind |
| What causes deep ocean currents? | water density and gravity |
| is colder water more or less dense? | more |
| Is saltier water more or less dense? | more |
| Which direction do ocean currents move in the Northern Hemisphere? | clockwise |
| When can ocean currents cause irregular weather patterns? | When ocean currents don't flow according to the normal patterns |
| What will come to the surface when an upwelling occurs? | nutrients for fish to eat |
| How are the earth's magnetic poles different form the geographic poles? | the magnetic poles move |
| What mineral can act as a natural compass with particles always pointing north? | magnatite |
| The Mid Atlantic Ridge occurs at what kind of boundary? | divergent |
| What are two common igneous rocks? | granite and basalt |
Created by:
erfy97
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