Dental Radiography FINAL 07/08/2014
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| Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen | He discovered the first X-RAY in 1895
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| Primary Radiation | Central beam that comes from the X-Ray tubehead
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| Secondary Radiation | When the primary X-Rays hit the patient or contact matter
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| Scatter Radiation | Deflected from its path as it strikes matter. most dangerous to operators, so 6 ft of clearance is necessary
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| Leakage Radiation | leaks in all directions from the tubehead
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| M.P.D (maximum permissible dose) | maximum amounts of radiation that wouldn't be expected to produce any significant effects in a lifetime. Amount is 0.05 SV (5.0 REMs)
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| Dosimeter Badge | Must be worn at all times in the dental office. used t monitors an individuals radiation exposure in the office
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| Kilovoltage | the quality or penetrating power of the central beam. the higher the KV the higher the power
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| miliamperage | the amount or quality of electrons
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| Control Panel | the circuit board and controls that allow the operator to adjust the correct setting for each patient
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| Collimeter | a lead disk with an opening in the middle that reconstructs the beam and filters out additional weak rays
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| Density | the degree of darkness on an X-ray
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| Contrast | The difference between the shades of gray
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| Least Sensitive | kidney, muscle, nerves
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| Less Sensitive | mature bone, salivary glands and liver
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| Moderately Sensitive | Skin, intestinal tract, oral mucosa
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| Most Sensitive | lymphnoid, reproductive cells, bone marrow, intestinal epithelium, thyroid
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| Sensitive | connective tissue and growing bone
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| Film Sensitivity | stray radiation, high temperature, chemicals
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| Cone Cutting | X-Ray beam missed part of the film
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| Elongation | vertical angulation error caused by to little angulation
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| Foreshortening | vertical angulation error caused by to much angulation
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| Overlapping | angled toward the mesial or distal surfaces
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| Dark Film | over developing, developing solution to high/low, solution is to strong or when the film is left in the developer to long
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| Fogged Film | gray image, image detail is lost contrast is lessened
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| Partial Image | film placement in the processing tanks when the solution levels are low
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| Film Artifacts | images found on the X-ray that are not part of the normal anatomy or pathology
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| Clear Film | there is no image on the film caused by no exposure
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| Double Exposure | indistinct images or dark X-ray. can be avoided by keeping the film sperated
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| Blurred Image | movement from the patients head, the tubehead or the X-ray film moving around in the patients mouth
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| Light Film | under processed. can occur while exposing film and during processing
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| Brown Stain | improper/ insufficient washing or rinsing of the film during the processing sequence
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| streaks On Film | unclean rollers or X-ray racks
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| Automatic Processor Temperature | Between 82*-95* degrees F
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| Periapical Views | pictures the entire tooth and surrounding areas. used to assess the health of the tooth, bone and tissues
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| Cephalometric | used to assess the patients skeletal structure and profile
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| Shades Of Gray | a computer can display over 200 different shades but the human eye can only detect 32
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| Gray Scale | important for determining the condition or the teeth, tissues and surrounding bone
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| Focal Trough | also known as an "image layer" or "sharpness" is a 3D curved zone in which dental arches are positioned to achieve the sharpest image
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| Crystals | the larger the crystals the faster the film
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| Bite-Wing Radiographs | pictures the crown, interproximal space and the crest area of the alveolar bone on the maxilla/mandible teeth
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| Occlusal Radiographs | shows large areas of the dental arch placed on the occlusal surface./ used to locate fractures, impacted teeth, foreign bodies and identifying the ocation of other artificats
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| Tomography | the imaging of one layer or section of the body while blurring images from other areas. the principle of panoramic radiographs
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| Panoramic Radiographs | show the entire maxilla and mandible on one film
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| Intensifying Screens | what the cassettes for panoramic radiographs are lined with. phosphor is used on the screens which emits light when struck y X-rays green are rare earth and blue are calcium tungstate
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| Extraoral Radiograph | used by dentist to identify large areas of the skull on one film
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| Digital Advantages | less radiation to patient, appears on the monitor immediately, patient can view while doctor explains, less space for storage, darkroom, processing equipment, and solution eliminated and easily coppied
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| Digital Disadvantages | the cost, extra time in training, uncomfortable for patient, updates and viruses plus infection control
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| 3D Shows | complete/ partial skull fields of view. used to produce digital panoramic and cephalometric images, 3D photos and CBVT & CBVI
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