Chapter 2 - Isomers
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| isomers | chemical compounds that have the same molecular formula but differ in structure
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| structural isomers | compounds that share only their molecular formula
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| stereoisomers | same formula and the same atomic connectivity
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| geometric isomers | differ in whether it is cis or trans
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| Z | cis/same side
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| E | trans/opposite side
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| chirality | object that is not superimposable upon its mirror image
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| achiral | mirror images that can be superimposed; like the letter A
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| enantiomers | chiral mirror images; optically active
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| R | clockwise order of substituents, right turn with steering wheel
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| S | counterclockwise order of substituents, left turn with steering wheel
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| Fischer Projections | 2D representation of 3D molecule; horizontal lines come out of the page; Hydrogen should be vertical
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| Meso Compounds | not optically active, plane of symmetry
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| +/D | rotates polarized light to the right
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| -/L | rotates polarized light to the left
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| diastereomers | stereoisomers that are not mirror images
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| conformational isomers | differ by rotation about one or more single bonds
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| Newman Projection | representation of different configurations
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| most stable configuration | anti staggered
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| Gauche | 60 degrees apart
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| Eclipsed | 120 degrees apart
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| Totally eclipsed | 0 degrees apart, right behind each other
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| most stable configuration for cyclohexane | chair, boat is second
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