Ch 11 Endocrine Vocab MEL
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| Chvostek's Sign | Abnormal spasm of the facial muscles elicited by, light taps on the facial nerve in patients who are hypocalcemic |
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| dysphagia | Difficulty swallowing |
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| Endocrinologist | Physician who specializes in endocrinology |
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| Glycosuria | Abnormal presence of a sugar especially glucose in the urine |
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| Hirsutism | Excessive body hair in a masculine distribution |
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| Hyperglycemia | Greater than normal amounts of glucose in the blood |
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| Hypocalcemia | Deficiency of calcium in the blood serum |
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| Hypokalemia | In adequate amount potassium, major intracellular cation, is found in the circulating blood stream |
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| Idiopathic hyperplasia | Increase in the number of cells without known cause |
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| Ketoacidosis | Acidosis accompanied by an accumulation of ketone in blood resulting from faulty carb metabolism |
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| Ketone bodies | Normal metabolic products, such as the – B-hydroxybutyric acid and aminoacetic acid, from which acetone may arise spontaneously |
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| Lipodystrophy | Abnormalities in the metabolism or deposition of fats; insulin lipodystrophy is the loss of local fat deposits |
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| Neuropathy | Abnormal condition, inflammation, and degeneration of peripheral nerves |
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| Polydipsia | Excessive thirst |
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| Polyphagia | Excessive eating - eating to the point of gluttony |
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| Polyuria | Excreting abnormally large quantity of urine |
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| Turgor | Normal resiliency of skin |
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| Diabetes mellitus - type 1 | Impairs glucose tolerance, destruction to beta cells, deficient insulin production, insulin dependent,and normally juvenile |
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| Diabetes mellitus - type 2 | Impairs glucose tolerance from an abnormal resistance to insulin action; non-insulin diabetes |
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| Anterior pituitary | Body cells - GH - growth hormone |
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| Exocrine gland | Secrete through a series of ducts(sudoriferous and sebaceous glands of the skin), work closely with the nervous system |
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| Endocrine glands | Ductless, release secretions directly into the bloodstream, and have regulatory function | Communicates more slowly through hormones to control homeostasis, chemical messengers through bloodstream to target organs, then metabolic change occurs | Generalize effect on patient's metabolism, growth, development, reproduction, and many other bodily activity
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| Negative feedback | A decrease in function in response to stimuli | Amount of hormonal release is controlled by this |
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| Pituitary gland a.k.a. Master class, pea-sized | Controls other endocrine glands works closely with the Hypothalamus of the brain a saddlelike depression in the sphenoid bone |
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| Trousseau's sign | Assesses for latent tetany; carpal spasm is induced by inflating B/P cuff on the upper arm to pressure exceeding systolic BP for 3 minutes; positive result may be seen in hypercalcemia and hypomagnesemia |
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