med surg
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| autoimmune disorder characterized by red skin patches with silvery scales | psoriasis
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| What Tx are available for Herpes? | Acyclovir(Zovirax) to lessen the frequency & length of out breaks * Herpes is NOT curable
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| Sm localized change in the color of skin that is neither raised nor depressed | Macule
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| Sm solid rounded bump rising from the skin< 1 cm | Papule
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| Sm blister on the skin | Vesicle
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| what causes a shingles outbreak? | latent virus from chickenpox residing in the dorsal root or cranial nerve ganglion cells are reactivated ,can be idiopathic, stress induced,from drug injections or llness
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| S/S of Herpes simplex 1 | Vesicles at the corner of the mouth, lips or the nose area usually erthematous, vesicles appear ulcerated & encrusted , may be malaise or fatigue
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| S/S of Herpes simplex type 2 | Vesicles that rupture , encrust causing ulceration's , cervix is the most common site in women
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| S/S herpes simplex type 2 | penis is the most common site for men , flu like symptoms occur 3-4 days after a vesicles erupt headache , fever & anorexia
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| DX for Herpes | skin scraping,lab cultures
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| caused by the same virus that causes chickenpox | herpes varicellae
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| acute viral disease caused by the varicella zoster virus | Shingles
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| sometimes associated with other disease such as pneumonia & lymphoma | Shingles
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| appears as a vesicle eruption that follows the distribution of the sensory nerves causing excruciating pain | Shingles
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| usually confined to one side of the body lasting 7-28 days | Shingles
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| Dx for shingles | isolate virus by a culture & physical exam
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| TX for shingles | Acyclovir to shorten & lesson out breakouts , calamine & antihistamines for itching & PAIN meds
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| parasitic infection characterized by brown wavy lines | Scabies
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| rash caused by staph aureus, staphylococcus,streptococol or mixed bacteria , HIGHLY CONTAGIOUS!! malcules develop into pustular vesicles & crust over into honey colored crusty rash | Impetigo
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| S/S of impetigo | putritis, pain ,Pustular vesicles with honey colored crust
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| Dx of impetigo(contagiosa) | would cultures
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| TX for impetigo | Antiseptic soaps, topical cleansing agents,ABX,encourage good hygene
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| infection of hair follicle by staph | folliculitis
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| a cluster of furnucles (folliculitis infection) | Carbuncles
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| TX for carbuncles | I&D (incision & drain) topical ABX & warm compresses
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| Ringworm of the scalp | Tinea Capitis
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| Ringworm of the body | Tinea Corporis
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| Athletes foot | Tinea Pedis
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| Jock Itch | Tinea Cruris
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| fungal infection, round lesions on the scalp or body w/clear center & erythematous boarders | Ringworm
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| Dx for Tenia Capitis | woods lamp or light causing hair to become brilliantly florescent
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| Tx for fungal infections | topical or oral antifungals (Fulvicin, Griseofulvin), antifugal soaps or shampoos (Tinactin) Miconazole,lotrimin, usually for 2-3 wks
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| What special precautions should be given to women prior to prescribing Accutane | you must NOT become pregnant due to high risk for severe birth defects
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| TX for lice | Kwell, Rid, Nix & Lindane
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| Skin cancer that is highly malignant | Melanoma
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| S/S of med allergies | hives, rash, reddness & itching
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| Raised , shinny overgrowth of scar tissue | Keloid
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| Development or drainage of pus | suppuration
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| Causes for Alopecia | Chemo, drugs, stress, genetics & hormones
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| Nursing interventions for Eczema | keep skin clean, well hydrated, teach pt why they should not scratch, cool dressing to induce vasoconstriction
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| What should you do after being exposed to poison ivy | Rise off the skin and cleans throughly
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| Teaching pt's how to rid house from lice | wash clothing & linens in hot water then dry, bag up stuffed animals & pillows for 2wks
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| Debriding wounds help to prevent? | infection & lesson scaring
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| these burns are blancable | Surperficial / 1st degree
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| Skin graft from own body | Autograft
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| skin graft from a donor | Homograft
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| skin graft from a pig | heterograft
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| what is the critical time for fluid loss in a burn victim? | 1st 12hrs
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| additional risk for electrical burn victims | Cardiac arrest
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| pain meds should be administered to a burn victim via | IV
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| ulcer burn victims are at risk for | Curling's Ulcers
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| Break in skin puts a pt at risk for infection from contact w/bacteria- area becomes reddened & has a stretched skin, edemateous appearance, can cause fever , chills & risk for sepsis | Cellulitis
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| Abnormality of the skin | skin lesion
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| flat reddened bump on the skin | papule
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| blister like growth containing clear serous fluid | vesicle
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| bubble of fluid below the skin | blister
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| Sm blister filled w/pus | pustule
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| Any skin disorder, particularly one that does not involve inflammation | dermatosis
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| acute or chronic inflammation of the skin from any cause (sun burn, allergies, infection) | Dematitis
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| itching | pruritus
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| birthmark or mole | neuos
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| contagious infection of the epidermis, many different varieties(plantar, linear) | warts(verrucae)
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| contagious inflammation of the hair follicle often contracted from hot tubs |
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| open sores & vesicles around the lips & gums very contagious | fever blister (herpes simplex)
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| itchy shallow lesion on the foot & b/w the toes | Tinea Pedis ( athletes Foot)
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| shallow lesions in the groin area | Tinea cruris (jock itch)
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| itchy eruptions that usually affect the webs of the hands, wrist, elbows , gluteal cleft or nipples; papules & vesicles are very common | Scabies
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| itchiness of the scalp,pubic area or other places on the skin | Pedi cuclosis ( crabs)
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| Dx for impetigo | Culture of excudate
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| Tx for impetigo | Antiseptic soaps & cleansing agents (betadine & Hibiclens) ABX ( penicillin)
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| inflammation that begins deep in the hair follicles spreads to the surrounding skin -> location neck , buttocks & axillae | Furuncle(boil)
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| cluster of furuncles -> cause obesity,poor nutrition, poor hygiene & untreated diabetes | carbuncles
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| S/S of carbuncles | pain edema erythematius, 3-4 cores after a few days , infected area becomes shinny center turns yellow
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| chronic skin disorder characterized by oval silvery,plague like scales w/patches of red especially on the scalp, ears & genitalia & over the bony prominence such as the elbows,hands, feet & lower back | psoriasis
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| soft tissue around the finger nail becomes infected(hangnail) | felon
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| superficial infection of the skin | dermatitis
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| Causes for dermatitis | drugs, plants, chemicals, soap, detergents, metal & foods
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| S/S of dermatitis | lesions at the point of contact , pruritus & edema
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| Dx for dermatitis | Hx, skin testing intradermally
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| Tx for dermatitis | Antihistamines (benadryl)corticosteroids (topical & po)
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| never large, little spots or blemishes on the skin,flat,cannot be seen from the side just from above | malcue
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| ingestion of certain mentals such as arsenic & mercury(can be fatal)aspirin, codeine,pcn iron,skin sloughs off area edematous | exfoliative dermatitis
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| sensitivity to medications,erythema w/vesicular eruptions, respiratory ditress | dermatitis medicamentosa
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| presence of wheals or hives, allergic reaction to drugs,food etc.. | urticaria
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| urticaria is caused by | release of histamine in antigen antibody reaction
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| S/S of urticaria | wheals varying in shape & size,pruritus & burning pain
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| local edema of the entire area, such as eyelid,hands , feet ,tongue,GI tract & genitals form of urticaria that occurs under the SQ tissue | angioedema
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| acute contagious skin disease caused by staph or strep esp- in children | impetigo
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| cracks in the skin | fissures
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| areas of the body most susceptible to tinea | warm dark moist enviroments
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| common among children & transmitted by direct contact or fomites such as combs,scarves,hats & bed linen | Pediculosis(lice)
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| transmitted through skin to skin contact | Scabies
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| Atopic Dermatitis | Eczema
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| idiopathic skin disorder causing erythmatous dry & crusted patches on the skin | Eczema
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| tx for eczema | SAIDS
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| idiopathic autoimmune chronic skin disease w/heritary basis,NO CURE | psorasis
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| idiopathic cyclic progressive inflammatory skin disease that causes facial erthyema edema,papules,pustules & pain | Rosacea
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| tx for rosacea | advoidance of triggers(sunlight,stress,wind, extreme temperatures) topical Vit-A (retinol)& oracea
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| clogged subaceous glands | Acne vulgaris
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| comedones(white heads,blackheads)indication noninflammatory acne; pustules indicate inflammatory acne | Acne Vulgaris
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| absence of hair growth | hypotrichosis
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| nails get soft or brittle & shape can change as they grow into the soft tissue | Paronychia(ingrown nails)
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| synthetic graft | snythetic skin substituts
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| comedome | whiteheads or blackheads
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| affects all layers of the skin & some underlying tissue:open wounds w/black charring & white patches of nercrotic tissue leaves a scar | third degree burn
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| affects the epidermis & dermis;redness & blistering can leave a scar | second degree burn
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| affects the epidermis;redness of the skin usually followed sloughing of the skin | first degree burn
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| dark patches or ulceration's of the skin that leads to necrorsis | decubitus ulcer ( bedsore)
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| itchy skin eruptions | urticaria (hives)
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| noncontagious,general inflammation,blister like formations that burst & crust over invovles the scalp,arms,trunk & legs; dry pigmented areas around the elbows & knees | Atopic eczema
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| noncontagious inflammation of the skin & deeper tissues | cellulitis
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| malignant tumor caused by development of neoplastic cells in the superficial layers of skin;appears as firm red ,keratinized tumor on the surface of the skin can metastasize | Squamous cell carcinoma
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| malignant tumor caused by development of neoplastic cells in the basal layer;appears first as a bump & then enlarges,crusts & breaks open,hardly ever metastasizes | Basal cell carcinoma
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| malignant tumor involving melanocytes;may start out as a nevus that enlarges,changes color,ulcerates & bleeds easily;matastasizes | melanoma
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| malignant tumor of the epithelial tissue | carcinoma
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| malignant tumor arising in tissue other than the epithelial tissue | sarcoma
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| benign cartilaginous tumor | chondroma
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| benign growth on the skin or mucous membrane | papilloma
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| benign fatty tumor | lipoma
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| dx test for malignant melonoma | biopsy of the tissue
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| cancerous neoplasm in which the pigment cells invade the epidermis,dermis & sometimes SQ tissue | malignant melonoma
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| firm nodular lesion topped w/crust or central area of ulceration & indurated margins rapid invasion w/metastasis | squamous cell
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| pigmented congential skin blemish | nevi(mole)
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| benign viral ,warty skin lesions w/rough nipple like growth,single or grouped thought to be contagious, located on the hands, fingers , arms but can be anywhere on the body | verruca(wart)
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| group of blood vessels which dilate & form tumor like mass | angioma
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