Test 1
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) divides into | Somatic and Visceral
🗑
|
||||
| Somatic division uses | Voluntary: Skeletal muscles
🗑
|
||||
| Visceral division (Autonomic Nervous System [ANS])uses | Involuntary: Smooth and Cardiac muscles
🗑
|
||||
| Visceral system (ANS) is divided into the | Sympathetic nervous system and Parasympathetic nervous system
🗑
|
||||
| Sympathetic response is | Fight or Flight (or Freeze)
🗑
|
||||
| Parasympathetic response is | Rest and Digest
🗑
|
||||
| Which division of the ANS is the default state of the body? | Parasympathetic
🗑
|
||||
| What is the main neurotransmitter of the Sympathetic nervous system? | Norepinephrine (NE)
🗑
|
||||
| What is the main neurotransmitter of the Parasympathetic nervous system? | Acetylcholine (ACH)
🗑
|
||||
| Where does Norepinephrine (NE) come from? | Nerve endings of the Sympathetic nervous system. Nor=neuron Epi=above nephrine=kidney
🗑
|
||||
| Where does Epinephrine (EPI) come from? | Adrenal glands on top of the kidneys. Epi=above nephrine=kidney
🗑
|
||||
| Is epinephrine a hormone? | Yes
🗑
|
||||
| Is norepinephrine a hormone? | No
🗑
|
||||
| Will the sympathetic nervous respond to epinephrine (EPI) | Yes
🗑
|
||||
| Sympathetic effect on the Adrenal Medulla | Release of Epinephrine (EPI)
🗑
|
||||
| Parasympathetic effect on Adrenal Medulla | Nothing
🗑
|
||||
| Sympathetic effect on Arteries | Vasoconstriction (exceptions are the coronoary arteries to the heart and skeletal muscles which are dilated)
🗑
|
||||
| Parasympathetic effect on Arteries | Most arteries are not supplied by parasympathetic nerves
🗑
|
||||
| Sympathetic effect on Blood Pressure | Increase BP
🗑
|
||||
| Parasympathetic effect on Blood Pressure | Decrease BP
🗑
|
||||
| Sympathetic effect on the Heart | Increases contractility
🗑
|
||||
| Parasympathetic effect on the Heart | Decreases contractility
🗑
|
||||
| Sympathetic effect on Heart Rate (HR) | HR increase
🗑
|
||||
| Parasympathetic effect on Heart Rate (HR) | HR decrease
🗑
|
||||
| Sympathetic effect on Peristalsis and Digestion | Decreased Motility and Secretions
🗑
|
||||
| Parasympathetic effect on Peristalsis and Digestion | Increased Motility and Secretions
🗑
|
||||
| Sympathetic effect on the Eye | Pupils Dilate
🗑
|
||||
| Parasympathetic effect on the Eye | Pupils Constrict
🗑
|
||||
| Sympathetic effect on Lungs | Broncho-Dilation
🗑
|
||||
| Parasympathetic effect on Lungs | Broncho-Constriction
🗑
|
||||
| Sympathetic effect on Bladder | Relaxation
🗑
|
||||
| Parasympathetic effect on Bladder | Constriction
🗑
|
||||
| Sympathetic effect on the Urinary Sphincter | Contraction
🗑
|
||||
| Parasympathetic effect on the Urinary Sphincter | Relaxation
🗑
|
||||
| Sympathetic effect on Smooth Muscle | Constriction
🗑
|
||||
| Parasympathetic effect on Smooth Muscle | Relaxation
🗑
|
||||
| Where is Smooth Muscle located? | Every organ: intestine lining, bladder, uterus, ureter, veins, arteries, lungs, mucous membranes...
🗑
|
||||
| Sympathetic receptor site | Adrenergic Receptor Site
🗑
|
||||
| Parasympathetic receptor site | Cholinergic Receptor Site
🗑
|
||||
| Beta 1 receptor sites are located in | Cardiac muscles (Heart) only
🗑
|
||||
| Beta 2 receptor sites are located in | Smooth muscles
🗑
|
||||
| Alpha receptor sites are located in | Smooth muscles of the Arteries, Veins, Capillaries, and Blood Vessels.
🗑
|
||||
| As people age the production of ACH | Decreases
🗑
|
||||
| A decrease in the production of ACH may cause | Constipation
🗑
|
||||
| Alzheimer's Disease might be attributed to a lack of | ACH
🗑
|
||||
| Stress and Anxiety can activate the | Sympathetic Nervous System
🗑
|
||||
| Prolonged activation of the Sympathetic Nervous System (stress/anxiety) can cause | Weight Gain, Increased Blood Pressure, and Hypertension
🗑
|
||||
| Meth and Cocaine are considered | Sympathomimetics (resemble EPI)
🗑
|
||||
| Effects of Meth | Appetite Suppressed, weight loss, teeth loss (due to enamel strip), temporary drug induced schitzophrenia
🗑
|
||||
| What type of relationship does the Sympathetic Nervous System and the Parasympathetic Nervous System have with each other? | Inverse relationship (negative). As one goes up the other goes down. As one gown down the other will go up. Always seeking equilibrium (balance).
🗑
|
||||
| Visceral is a Latin for | Internal
🗑
|
||||
| What is a neurotransmitter? | Chemical Messenger. A substance that stimulates internal organs to produce characteristic changes associated with sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions.
🗑
|
||||
| Role of Serotonin | Mood, Appetite, Libido, Sleep, and Arousal (wakefulness)
🗑
|
||||
| Role of Dopamine | Limbic system (reward), voluntary decision making, Motor (skeletal) Muscle movement. Acts as a vasodilator. Inhibits NE.
🗑
|
||||
| Role of Norepinephrine (NE) | Increases Blood Pressure, Increases Heart Rate, Increase Anxiety States, Increase Manic State, and affects mood
🗑
|
||||
| What happens when NE levels are high? | Possible Mania, Cardiac Problems, and Schizophrenia
🗑
|
||||
| Role of Acetylcholine (ACH) | sleep, arousal, pain perception, modulation and coordination of movement and memory retention
🗑
|
||||
| What happens when ACH levels are high? | Possible Depression
🗑
|
||||
| The parasympathetic division is more active during digestion and elimination of waste products and when the body is at | rest
🗑
|
||||
| NE does not stimulate | Beta 2 receptor sites
🗑
|
||||
| EPI stimulates | Beta 1, Beta 2, and Alpha receptor sites
🗑
|
||||
| Adrenergic receptors accept | NE and EPI
🗑
|
||||
| Adrenergic receptors are classified as | Beta-adrenergic or Alpha-adrenergic
🗑
|
||||
| Alpha-adrenergic receptors are found mainly on | Smooth muscle membranes: small arteries, capillaries, and small vessels
🗑
|
||||
| Alpha-adrenergic blocking drugs are used to clinically cause | Vasoconstriction of blood vessels
🗑
|
||||
| In hypotensive states, drugs such as norepinephrine, and metaraminol, are given by IV injection to | Raise Blood Pressure
🗑
|
||||
| Levophed | Norepinephrine
🗑
|
||||
| Mimetics | do the same as the real thing (mimic)
🗑
|
||||
| Lytics | slow down effects (inhibit)
🗑
|
||||
| Blockers | act as antagonist (interferes with drugs or substance from producing a drug effect)
🗑
|
||||
| Alpha adrenaline blocking drugs are used clinically to | Lower Blood Pressure in Hypertension and Increase Urine Flow in benign pro static hyperplasia
🗑
|
||||
| Alpha drugs are usually administered | orally
🗑
|
||||
| Common adverse effects of alpha-adrenergic blocking drugs include: | Nasal Congestion, Blurred Vision due to pupil constriction, increased GI activity
🗑
|
||||
| Excessive lowering of blood pressure may cause: | hypotension, fainting, and reflex tachycardia
🗑
|
||||
| Prazosin | Minipress
🗑
|
||||
| Prazoson(Minipress) is a | Alpha-Adrenergic Blocker
🗑
|
||||
| Prazosin(Minipress) is used to treat | high blood pressure. It works by relaxing blood vessels.
🗑
|
||||
| Doxazosin | Cardura
🗑
|
||||
| Doxazosin(Cardura) is a | Alpha-Adrenergic Blocker
🗑
|
||||
| Doxazosin(Cardura) is used to treat | symptoms of enlarged prostate in men, and high blood pressure. It works by relaxing muscles in prostate, bladder, and blood vessels.
🗑
|
||||
| Beta-Adrenergic drugs are used clinically to | Stimulate the heart. Bronchodilation. Relax uterus during preterm labor.
🗑
|
||||
| Selective Beta-2 adrenergic drugs are usually administered by | oral inhalation for the control of Asthma
🗑
|
||||
| Epinephrine is injected sub Q in | allergic and cardiac emergencies
🗑
|
||||
| Dopamine | Intropin
🗑
|
||||
| Epinephrine | Adrenaline
🗑
|
||||
| Both Dopamin(Intropin) and Epinephrine(Adrenaline) are | Beta-adrenergic drugs
🗑
|
||||
| Norepinephrine(Levophed) is a | Alpha-adrenergic drug
🗑
|
||||
| Both Prazoson(Minipress) and Doxazosin(Cardura) are | Alpha-adrenergic blocking drugs
🗑
|
||||
| Propranolol(Inderal) | Beta-Adrenergic (Nonselective) Blocking Drug
🗑
|
||||
| Atenolol(Tenormin) | Beta-Adrenergic (Selective Beta-1) Blocking Drugs
🗑
|
||||
| Epinephrine(Adrenaline) is classified as a | Alpha-adrenergic agonist and Beta-adrenergic agonist. Sympathomimetic agents.
🗑
|
||||
| Beta-adrenergic blocking drugs are used for their | Beta-1 blocking activity
🗑
|
||||
| Beta-1-adrenergic blocking drugs are used to treat | Hypertension. Angina Pectoris. Tachycardia. After a myocardial infarction (MI) to reduce mortality.
🗑
|
||||
| The most serious adverse effect of beta blocking drugs | reduced heart function (bradycardia). May lead to congestive heart failure or cardiac arrest
🗑
|
||||
| In asthmatics, non selective beta-adrenergic blockers may cause | Bronchoconstriction
🗑
|
||||
| Propranolol | Inderal
🗑
|
||||
| Propranolol(Inderal) warning | May cause heart attack or chest pain if stopped suddenly.
🗑
|
||||
| Propranolol(Inderal) is used to treat | High blood pressure. Abnormal heart rhythms. Heart Disease. Prevents Angina and prevents migraine headache.
🗑
|
||||
| Propranolol(Inderal) works by | relaxing blood vessels and slowing heart rate to improve blood flow and decrease blood pressure.
🗑
|
||||
| Atenolol | Tenormin
🗑
|
||||
| Atenolol(Tenormin) warning | May cause heart attack, chest pain, or irregular heartbeat if stopped suddenly.
🗑
|
||||
| Atenolol(Tenormin) is used to treat | High blood pressure. Prevent angina. Improve survival after a heart attack.
🗑
|
||||
| Atenolol(Tenormin) works by | Relaxing blood vessels and slowing heart rate to improve blood flow and decrease blood pressure.
🗑
|
||||
| NE and EPI are inactivated by | reuptake and metabolism by Monoamine Oxidase (MAO)
🗑
|
||||
| Alpha receptor stimulation causes | Vasoconstriction and Pupil Dilation
🗑
|
||||
| Adverse affects of Alpha-adrenergic drugs | excessive vasoconstriction which leads to hypertension and excessive dryness of the eyes and nasal sinuses
🗑
|
||||
| Overstimulation with Beta-adrenergic drugs can cause | excessive cardiac stimulation and increased blood pressure
🗑
|
||||
| Adrenergic drugs can cause CNS stimulation resulting in | Tremors, Restlessness, and Anxiety
🗑
|
||||
| Adrenergic neuronal blockers decrease the synthesis and release of | Norepinephrine
🗑
|
||||
| Sympathomimetic | Stimulates the Sympathetic Nervous System
🗑
|
||||
| Sympatholytic | Slows down or inhibits the Sympathetic Nervous System
🗑
|
||||
| Parasympathomimetic | Stimulates the Parasympathetic Nervous System
🗑
|
||||
| Parasympatholytic | Slows down or inhibits the Parasympathetic Nervous System
🗑
|
||||
| 3 types of Cholinergic receptors | Muscarnic, Nicotinic, and Nicotinic-Neutral
🗑
|
||||
| Cholinergic crisis | Too much ACH. Respiratory paralysis. Common among farmers who get sprayed by crop dusters.
🗑
|
||||
| Adverse effects of Alpha-adrenergic blocking drugs | Hupotension, sluggish feeling, and dizzy spells
🗑
|
||||
| There are no specific therapeutic indications for blocking | Beta-2 Receptors
🗑
|
||||
| Beta-adrenergic blocking drugs affect | Carbohydrate and Lipid metabolism.
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
Sanctus Verus
Popular Nursing sets