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Biology Regents Revi

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Term
Definition
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, and Nitrogen   the most common elements in living things  
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Organic molecules   contain carbon and hydrogen (ex: C6H12O6)  
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Inorganic molecules   do not contain carbon and hydrogen (ex: CO2)  
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Carbohydrates   supply living things with energy  
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Simple Carbohydrates   monosaccharides  
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Complex Carbohydrates   polysaccharides  
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Starch   plants store this as excess glucose  
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Glycogen   humans store this as excess glucose in muscles  
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Fats, Oils, and Waxes   types of lipids made from glycerol  
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Phaspholipids   types of lipids which form the bilayer of the cell membrane  
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Steroids   types of lipids which include sex hormones and cholesterol  
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Proteins   made from amino acids (peptides)  
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Polypeptides   another name for proteins and your body's only source of nitrogen  
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Enzymes   function of proteins (acts as catalyst), sped up rate if chemical reactions, end with the suffix "ase"  
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Receptors   function of proteins (molecules on the cell membrane)  
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Antibodies   function of proteins (specialized proteins that mark invaders for destruction)  
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Hormones   function of proteins (chemical messages)  
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Substrate   specific molecule an enzyme binds to  
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Denaturation   very high temperatures and extreme changes in PH causes enzymes to lose their shape, this is know as...  
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Created by: gmottola
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