newborn at Risk: sestational and acquired disorders
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| fetal growth restriction; occurs when the fetus does not receive adequate amounts of oxygen and nutrients necessary for the proper growth and development of organs and tissues; can begin at any time during the pregnancy. | intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR)
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| the length of time between fertilization of the egg and birth. | gestational age
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| newborn whose weight length and or heard circumference falls below the 10th percentile for gestational age. | small for gestational age (SGA)
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| newborn whose weight, length, and or head circumference falls between the 10th and 90th percentiles for gestational age. | appropriate for gestational age (AGA)
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| newborn whose weight length and or head circumference is above the 90th percentile for gestational age. | large for gestational age (LGA)
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| newborn that weighs less than 2500g | low birth weight (LBW)
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| newborn that weighs less than 1500g | very low birth weight (VLBW)
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| newborn that weighs less than 1000g | extremely low birth weight (ELBW)
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| premature, newborn born at less than 37 weeks gestation. | preterm
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| postmature, newborn born at greater than 42 weeks gestation. | postterm
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| newborn born between 37-42 weeks gestation. | term
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| excess number of red blood cells | polycythemia
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| abnormally large tongue, and can cause feeding difficulties | macroglossia
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| facial paralysis resulting from injury to the cervical nerves | Erb palsy
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| absence of breathing that lasts for at least 20 seconds or that causes cyanosis and or bradycardia | apnea
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| "hyaline membrane disease"; occurs because of immature lungs that lack sufficient surfactant to decrease the surface tension of the alveoli; affects about half of all preterm newborns. | respiratory distress syndrome (RDS)
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| bleeding into the brain's ventricles; a complication of preterm birth that occurs more often in the newborn of less than 32 weeks gestation. | intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH)
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| form of retinopathy; degenerative disease of the retina, that's commonly associated with preterm newborns esp. those 28 weeks gestation or less. | retinopathy of prematurity (ROP)
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| acute inflammatory necrotic disease of the intestine; mortality rate of 25%, surviving newborn often face life-long health challenges and disabilities, occur higher in preterms. | necrotizing entercolitis (NEC)
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| refers to a condition in which the fetus or newborn develops respiratory distress after inhaling meconium mixed with amniotic fluid. | meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS)
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| pathologic jaundice can lead to this disorder; a disorder in which excess bilirubin stains neurons in the brain and spinal cord leading to irreversible injury or death. | kernicterus
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