6 Science Chapter 6
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| chemistry | the study of what substance are made of, and how one substance can be changed into another
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| matter | anything that takes up space & has mass
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| weight | a measure of the pull of gravity upon an object. can change from place to place
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| mass | the amount of matter that makes up an object
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| density | the amount of matter (mass) in one unit of volume (space)
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| atoms | the tiny particles that make up matter
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| nucleus | the tiny, extremely dense core of an atom
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| electrons | tiny particles in an atom that circle the nucleus at tremendous speed
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| electron cloud | the shield or cloud formed by fast-moving electrons in an atom that prevents other atoms from moving into the same space
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| neutrons | one of the two kinds of particles that make up the nucleus of an atom; has a neutral charge
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| protons | one of the two kinds of particles that make up the nucleus of an atom; has a positive charge
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| neutral | lacking as electrical charge
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| shell | a set of electrons in an atom that orbits the nucleus at roughly the same distance
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| atomic number | the number of protons in an atom
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| element | a substance that is composed of only one type of atom bonded together
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| compound | a substance that is composed of more that one type of atom bonded together
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| periodic table of elements | a chart constructed by Dmitri Mendedeev to arrange the elements in such a way as to group similar elements together
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| nickel | a very hard metal that is used to make stainless, rechargable batteries, tanks to hold corrosive chemicals, and certain coins
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| chromium | "chrome"; a shiny metal often applied to polished steel to prevent it from rusting
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| lead | the denest of everyday metals; used to make car and track batteries, wheel weights, and firearms ammunition
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| zinc | a metal often used to coat steel to prevent it from rusting; also used in flashlight batteries
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| sulfur | an oderless, yellow solid called brimstone in the Bible; flammable and burns easily
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| carbon | basic building block of ALL LIVING things; found in two forms, graphite and diamond
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| silicon | a semimetal that is an ingrediant in sand, quartz, and glass; in pure form, used to make computer chips
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| phosphorus | a waxlike solid with two forms, white and red
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| hydrogen | the simplest atom with one proton and one electron which is also a colorless and odorless gas used in chemical factories and as a rocket fuel.
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| potassium | a common alkali metal found in the rocks, soils, and oceans of the earth; does not occur naturally in pure form
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| magnesium | a strong but lightweight alkali metal used in parts for airplanes and some cars
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| calcium | the most common alkaline earth metal; an ingredient in calcium carbonate
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| sodium | a common alkali metal that is as ingredient in table salt and lye; also used in street lights
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| metals | the elements located to the left and center in the periodic table; most have a lustrous silvery color and are at room temperature
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| nonmetals | the elements located at the right side of the periodic table; include many solids and several gases
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| halogens | the elements in the next to last column of the periodic table; highly reactive, showing a tendency to form compounds with alkali and alkaline metals
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| sublime | to turn directly from a solid to a gas (such as iodine does when heated)
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| noble gases | the elements in the last column of the periodic table; are gases and do not combine with other elements except under very unusual circumstances
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| molecule | a tiny group of two or more atoms that are bonded tightly together
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| molecular compound | a compound that is composed of individual molecules
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| crystal | a geometric arrangment of atoms
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| ionic compounds | a compound composed of charged atoms or groups of atoms
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| chemical reaction | a process in which atoms of elements or compounds are rearranged to form new substances
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| combustion | burning; a chemical reaction in which a substance reacts rapidly with oxygen
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| plutonium | the most abundant of the transuranium minerals
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| osmium | the densest element
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| mercury | the only metal that is liquid at room temperature
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| bromine | a nonmetal (halogen) that is liquid at ordinary room temperatures and pressures
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| oxygen and nitrogen | the main ingredients of air; together make up almost 99% of the earth's atmospere
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| iodine | a halogen that sublimes instead of melts when heated; it is also added to salt.
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| diamond | the hardest of all known substances
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| oxygen | most abundant element at the surface of the earth
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| semimetals, nonmetals and metals | three main groups of elements
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Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
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Created by:
Mrs_CC
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