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CAPA Anesthestics and Analgesics

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Question
Answer
Name the esters   Cocaine, Procaine, Chloroprocaine, and Tetracaine  
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How are esters metabolized?   By plasma cholinesterase  
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Which ester is 10 times as potent as procaine?   Tetracaine  
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This ester is known to cause spinal neuropathy causing its use to be limited.   Chloroprocaine  
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This ester can cause severe increases in heart rate and blood pressure.   Cocaine  
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This ester may cause pyrogenic activity as a side effect.   Cocaine  
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This ester is used Topically for Corneas and Endotracheal anesthesia as well as for spinal anesthesia.   Tetracaine  
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The IV route of this Amide depresses laryngeal and tracheal reflexes.   Lidocaine  
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Why is epinephrine often coadminitered with Lidocaine?   Epinephrine reduces the vasocilating effects of Lidocaine to reduce its absorption.  
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What are the benefits of Mepivacaine over Lidaine?   Mepivacaine is longer acting than Lidocaine and does not cause vasodilation  
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This amide can cause cardiac toxicity.   Bupivacane (Marcaine)  
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Accidental IV injection can cause ventricular dysrhythmias that are difficult to correct.   Bupivacaine (Marcaine)  
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similar to Bupivacaine, but somewhat less cardiotoxic   Ropivacaine  
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Amide safe for obstetric use.   Ropivacane  
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Amide may be adminstered in combination with epidural fentanyl or clonidine   Levobupivacaine  
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Use for pain management cases and for surgical anesthesia.   Levobupivacaine  
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What is a possible risk of Perservative free Morphine used in an epidural?   Delayed respiratory depression  
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Epidural administration provides pain relief for extended periods   Perservative free Morphine  
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How is anesthetic distributed to each region of the body?   It is directly proportional to the amount of blood each region receives (highly vascular organs receive a higher proportion)  
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What is the least T lymphocyte inhibiting drug used for anesthesia?   Propofol  
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What respiratory affects do induction agents have?    
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