immune disorders
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| acute, severe vasculitis of all blood vessels seen in children under 5, boys more than girls | kawasaki disease
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| leading cause of acquired heart disease in children | kawasaki disease
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| these are done for dx of kawasaki | lab test, 2d echocardiogram,clinical signs
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| s/s of kawasaki acute | prolonged high fever, strawberry tongue, irritability
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| s/s of kawasaki subcute | DESQUAMATION of hands and feet,arthritis,coronary aneurysms
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| s/s of kawasaki convalescent | all signs have disappeared
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| nursing care of child with kawasaki | EXTREME IRRITABILITY is the most challengeing nursing issue, symptom specific relief
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| treatment for kawasaki | reduce inflammation via IVIG an high dose asprin
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| a severe form of erythema multiforme involving lesions of the skin and mucous membranes | steven johnson syndrome
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| s/s of sjs | flu like symptoms, mucosal lesions in eyes,mouth and gi tract
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| treatment for sjs | med noted to allergy list,care of topical and oral lesions, ophthalmologist for corneal scarring
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| this syndrome affect joint,connective tissue,viscera,chronic with remissions and exacerbations | juvenile idiopathic arthritis
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| s/s of juvenile idiopathic arthritis | joint stiffness in morning or after rest, osteopenia-low bone mass
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| dx of juvenile idiopathic arthritis is done by | s/s, radiographs, lab test
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| JIA is categorized by what | method of onset
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| JIA systemic | acute febrile
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| JIA oligoarticular | involving 5 or fewer joints with risk for iridocyclitis
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| iridocyclitis is what | inflammation of the iris and ciliary body
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| JIA polyarticular | involving more than 5 joints
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| treatment for JIA | exercise, drug therapy-nsaids- to reduce pain and stiffness
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| intra articular long acting corticosteroid injections do what? | preserve joints
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| a subcutaneous injection twice a wk for JIA that needs monitored for allergic reactions | enbrel- etanercept
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| this med is used for JIA with rheumatoid arthritis, liver test and cbc test done regular | methotrexate-rheumatrex
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| home care for JIA | moist hot packs,firm mattresses prevent sagging joints,encourage swimming, avoid weight gain
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| school issues for a kid with JIA | clear path to nurses office, excess absences, REST PERIODS
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| a global disease caused by epstein barr virus | infectious mononucleosis
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| transmitted by saliva or contaminated eating utensils | infectious mononucleosis
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| s/s of mono | low grade fever,sore throat,headache,fatigue,skin rash,malaise
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| half of mono pt get this | splenomegaly
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| a small amount of mono pt have this | liver involvement with mild jaundice
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| treatment of mono | nsaids, acetaminophen,antipyretic,rest gargling with warm liquild, throat lozenges, adequate fluid intake
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| different chronic metabolic disorders involving disturbed glucose metabolism | diabetes mellitus
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| diabetes mellitus differ in cause,___________,_________ | pathophysiology, and genetic predisposition
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| _____ predispose you to type 1 or 2 | genetics
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| _____ can destroy beta cells of the islets of langerhans in the pancreas leading to_____ | toxins/viruses,type 1DM
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| _____ may lead to the development of insulin resistance and type 2DM | obesity,physical inactivity, high triglycerides and HTN
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| DM type 1 polyuria | excertion of large amounts of urine
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| DM TYPE 1 POLYDIPSIA | escessive thirst
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| DM type 1 polyphagia | constant hunger
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| s/s of DM type 1 | fatigue,anorexia,nausea,lethargy,weakness,dry skin,vaginal yeast infections,bed wetting
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| hyperglycemia,glycosuria,ketoacidosis s/s of what | DM type 1
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| diabetic ketoacidosis happens when | conditions increase insulin demand, diabetic coma when awake or asleep
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| fruity breath, rapid breathing, increase in blood sugar | kussmaul breathing
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| dx for DM include 2 of the following | random blood test greater than 200,fasting blood test greater than 126, 2hr blood test greater than 200 with oral glucose
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| hba1c expected range over 2 months | target goal less 7%, expected range of 4-6%, diabetes 6.5-8%
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| 70 or below blood sugar means | hypoglycemic
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| you should give this at first sign of hypoglycemia | orange juice or carbs then protein like cheese or peanut butter
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| long term management can help | promote normal growth and development
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| diabetic ketoacidosis treatment | vital signs, increase fluids,low dose insulin
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| a doctor that treats DM | endocrinologist
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| human insulin is used why | less chance of allergic reaction
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| _____ is a standard unit in the us | 100 unit
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| insulin is given how | subcutaneously at 90 deg angle
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| when blood glucose is greater than 240 you should do what | restrict exercise until controlled
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| insulin lispro, onset less than 15min,duration 3-4hrs | rapid acting, humalog
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| regular insulin,onset 0.5-1hr,duration 5-7hrs | short acting, humulinR
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| NPH insulin,onset 1-2hr,duration 18-24hrs | intermediate acting, humulinN
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| insulin glargine, onset 1hr,duration 10.4 to 24hrs | long acting, lantus
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| severe hypoglycemia is treated with | glucagon
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| two types of diets for hypoglycemia | exchange list, constant carb diet
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| increasing this ____ will increases carb breakdown | fiber
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| nutritional management for hypogylcemia is elimination of these | concentrated carbs and refined sugars
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| when you exercise you use sugar so you should do this | keep a snack with you
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| you should test blood sugar when | before meals
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| pt needs to have great skin care by doing these things | inspect for cuts,rashs,adrasions,cysts,boils,keep skin dry
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| these occur greater in frequency in pt with diabetes | cystitis,subcutaneous nodules,monilial vulvitis
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| urine checks used to done for this | test for acetone
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| insulin doses may very through life but | you will always need to take insulin
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| these types of exams are important with DM | eye and dental
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| 1/3 to 1/2 of all new dx of diabetes pt are | younger than 18
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