Pharm LPN
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| Method of organizing drugs based on their therapeutic usefulness in TX particular diseases. | Therapeutic Classification
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| related to the chemical or official name. This name is usually lower case. | Generic Name
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| refers to the way an agent works at the cellular, tissue, body system level. | Pharmacologic Classification
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| designated and patented by the manufacture. This name is usually capitalized. | Trade (brand) Name
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| Medications administered this way have no pharmaceutic phase | SubQ, IM, IV
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| This phase includes absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion | pharmacokinetic phase
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| Pharmaceutic phase = | Disintegration and Dissolution
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| These remain in the gut for a longer period of time which delay their effect and should not be crushed. | Enteric Coated drugs
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| This phase is where the drug is processed to achieve drug action | pharmacokinetic phase
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| Movement of a substance from site of administration, across the body membranes, to circulating fluids | Absorption
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| What affects drug absorption? | Blood flow, Pain, Stress, Hunger, fasting, food, and PH
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| This is the percent of the administered drug dose that reaches circulation. | Bioavailibility
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| the process where the drug becomes available to body fluids and tissue | Distribution
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| drugs that are not bound to protein are | Free Drugs
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| Causes of low serum albumin levels | Malnutrition, Liver/kidney disease, advanced aging
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| Serum albumin levels between 3.5 - 5.0 g/dL are | Normal
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| Severe depletion of serum albumin is less than | 2.1
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| The Liver is the primary site for | Metabolism
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| the time it takes for one half of the drug concentration to be eliminated | Half Life
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| Kidney’s is the main organ for | excretion
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| Creatinine is normally measured through | urine and blood serum
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| Disintegration of dosage form. Break down of drug | Pharmaceutical phase
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| Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion | Pharmacokinetic phase
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| Drug-receptor interaction. Effect of medication. | Pharmacodynamics phase
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| The study of drug concentration and the effects it has on the body | Pharmacodynamics
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| a desirable effect | Primary effect
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| desirable or undesirable effect | Secondary Effect
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| time it takes for the medication to reach minimum effective concentration | onset
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| the medication has reached its highest blood level or plasma concentration. | peak
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| the length of time the medication has a pharmacologic effect | Duration
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| lowest plasma concentration of a drug | trough
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| rate of absorption | Peak
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| rate of elimination | trough
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| Used for immediate medication response, a large dose (higher amount), given for rapid effective concentration in the plasma or Prime the bloodstream with a level sufficient to quickly induce a therapeutic response | Loading dose
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| Five rights | Right PT.
Right drug
Right dose
Right time
Right route
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| Antidote to Narcotics | Narcan
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| major adverse effects of narcotics | resp. depression, urinary retention, orthostatic hypotension, constipation
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| Labs for narcotics | Liver func., Renal Func. ,
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| Renal Func. Labs | BUN, Creatinine, GFR
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| Liver (hepatic) Func labs | AST, ALT
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| Most common non narcotic analgesics are | NSAIDS
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| ASA is | asprin
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| max daily dose for ASA and acetaminophen | 3g
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| major adverse effects of non narcotic analgesics | GI Disturbance, Bleeding, constipation, hearing loss
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| labs for non narcotic analgesics | Liver, CBC, platelets, PT
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| PCN | Penicillin
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| Biggest concern with -cillins | Super infection
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| labs for PCN | CBC w/ or w/out diff, liver, renal, electrolytes
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| Sulfonamide (bactrim) education | Empty stomach, increase fluid intake to 2500-300 ml/24hr
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| labs for sulfonamides | liver func, UA, CBC
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| Big three w/ aminoglycosides(gentamicin) | Ototoxicity, Nephrotoxicity, Neurotoxicity
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| labs for aminoglycosides | Liver func, renal func, CBC
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| fluoroquinolones (cipro) concerns | photo sensitivity, increased coumadin effect
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| labs for fluoroquinolones (cipro) | CBC, Liver func, Renal func
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| these drugs are frequently used in pts allergic to PCN | cephlasporins
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| labs for cephlasporins | Liver func, Renal func, PT, Ptt, cbc
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| Big effects of vancomycin | ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity, phlebitis, red mans syndrome
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| red mans syndrome occurs with | vancomycin
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| vancomycin Labs | peak and trough, Renal func, CBC W/ diff
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| when do you draw peak | 5-10 min
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| when do you draw trough | 30 mins before next dose
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| Do not touch this antianginal w/o gloves | nitroglycerin
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| this type of angina occurs w/ stress, during excretion, and disappears w/ rest | classic/stable
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| this type of angina may signal an impeding heart attack | unstable/preinfarction
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| what do you document with anginal pain | onset, type, radiation, location, duration
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| labs with anti anginal | electrolytes, LIver func, Renal func, pulse ox, abg
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| Do not give digoxin when the heart rate is | below 60 or above 120
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| this drug increases the contractillity of the heart | digoxin
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| s/s of digoxin toxicity | n/v, green and yellow halos
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| normal dig level | 0.5 - 2
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| normal potassium level | 3.5 - 5.0
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| labs for digoxin | dig level, electrolytes, renal func
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| the antidote for heparin is | protamine sulfate
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| the antidote for coumadin is | vitamin K ( aqua myphyton), then whole blood or ffp
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| side effects of anti coagulents | hemorrhage, petichiae, thrombocyclopenia
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| PTT normal value | 30 - 45 secs
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| Pt normal value | 11-13 secs
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| normal INR | 0.9-1.2
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| therapeutic INR | 2-3 times the norm
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| mechanical valve INR | 2.5 - 3.5 times the norm
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| common anti platelet drugs | ASA, plavix
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| labs for anti platelet | CBC w/ diff (platelet count)
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| Lab for lovonox | CBC w/ diff (platelet count)
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| the antidote for thrombolitic agents | amicar
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| labs for thrombolytics | platlets, INR, glucose, STEM, thrombin, fibrin
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| common potassium sparing antihypertensive | aldactone
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| what is used to decrease potassium | kexcelate
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| labs for antihypertensives | electrolytes, cbc, glucose, renal func, cholesterol
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| things you monitor with diuretics | BP, I & O, daily weight
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| these drugs end in -pril | ace inhibitors
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| powerful vasoconstrictor, decreases bp | ace inhibitor
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| these drugs end in -lol | beta blockers
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| vasodilators and decreases contractility of the heart | beta blockers
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| these drugs end in -pine | calcium channel blockers
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| inhibits cardiac excitation by blocking transport of calcium to the heart | calcium channel blockers
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| blocks vasoconstrictiont | angiotensin II receptor blocker
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| these drugs end in -statin | lipid lowering agents
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| labs for lipid lowering agents | lipid panel, liver enzymes
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| rhabdomyolysis is common w/ | statins
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| hot and dry | sugar high
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| cold and clammy | need some candy
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| labs for hypoglycemic agents | BGM
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| s/s of hypoglycemia | confusion, double and blurred vision, tachycardia,palpitation, diaphoresis, shakiness, sweating, hunger, H/A, tremors, weakness
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| poly's of hyperglycemia | polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia
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| labs for thyroid replacement drugs | TSH, T3, T4, cbc, liver
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| labs for antacids | magnesium, and calcium
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| these antiulcer drugs must be admin on empty stomach 30 mins before eating | ppi
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| these antiulcer drugs reduce the secretion of gastric acid | h2 antagonist
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| labs for antiulcer drugs | electrolytes, urinary ph, calcium and phosphate
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| labs for neurologic agents | liver, platlets, ecg, electrolytes, cbc, pancreatic enzymes
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| labs for respiratory agents | pft, cbc, abg, complete metabolic planel
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| most common use is for allergies | antihistamines
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| used to relive bronchospasms | bronchodilators
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