Communication
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| What Is Communication? | The process of transmitting messages and interpreting meaning Effective communication is vitally important in nursing. It is the foundation of a therapeutic nurse-client relationship and the medium for implementing the nursing process.; Effective communi
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| A Communication Model | Environment Message; Sender; Receiver; Feedback Environment
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| Forms of Communication | Verbal - spoken or written words. In includes, but is not limited to, vocabulary Nonverbal - messages without words sent through the body’s language
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| Nonverbal Communication | Facial expression; Eye contact; Observable physiological responses; General appearance
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| Personal Space Zones | Public (12’ and up); Social (4’ – 12’); Personal (18” – 4’); Intimate (touch - 18”)
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| Phases of the Helping (Nurse-Client) Relationship | Orientation – initial interaction (ground rules, trust, rapport, goals); Working – What happens all day as trying to meet goals; Termination – Crucial (tell patient in beg. how long you’ll be there that day. Keep pt. updated all day as to how much time yo
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| Cultural Considerations | Three areas of concern when interpreting verbal and nonverbal messages when the nurse and client are from different cultures: communication styles; eye contact; touch
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| What Is Active Listening? | Observing nonverbal behavior; Listening and understanding verbal messages; Listing and understanding the client’s context of life; Listening for “false notes”
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| Therapeutic (Helpful) Techniques | Paraphrasing/restating; Exploring with open-ended statements; Giving recognition; Giving information ; Offering self; Sharing observations; Validating the message; Humor
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| More Therapeutic Techniques | Reflecting; Focusing; Clarifying ; Summarizing
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| Use of Silence | Silence is a useful technique, it is not the absence of communication; Silence communicates the need for support and encouragement; Silence allows the clients time to collect their thoughts and choose their own words
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| Non-therapeutic (Non-helpful) Techniques | Giving false reassurance; Changing the subject; Giving advice, approving/disapproving; Probing or excessive questions; Self-focusing statements; Minimizing feelings; Making stereotypical comments
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| “Why” Questions | Imply criticism; Sounds intrusive and judgmental and sets up a defensive reaction; More useful to ask “What” “Who” “When”
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Created by:
jenbj
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