Unit 11 Vocabulary
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| universe | all space and the matter space contains
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| star | a self-luminous celestial body consisting of a mass of gas held together by its own gravity in which the energy is generated by nuclear reactions in its interior
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| Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram | a plot of the surface temperature (color) of stars vs. their luminosity
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| luminosity | the intensity of light from a celestial body that can be used to determine differences in the bodies
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| Main Sequence | Stable middle development phase stars that plot along a continuous diagonal belt on the H-R diagram
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| nebula | large cloud of dust and gas in interstellar space; the location of star formation
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| supernova | the death of a large star by explosion
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| black hole | an object with the mass of more than 4 suns squeezed into a ball only 10 km across whose gravity is so strong that even light can not escape
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| galaxy | a large grouping of stars in space
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| elliptical-shaped galaxy | a galaxy with a long oval shape, a bright center, no apparent internal structure or spiral arms, and very little dust or gas
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| spiral-shaped galaxy | a galaxy with a bulge in the center and very distinct long arms winding around the center
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| irregular-shaped galaxy | a galaxy that does not fit into any category; a galaxy with very little symmetry
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| sun | the luminous star around which the Earth and other planets revolve; composed mainly of hydrogen and helium
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| Milky Way Galaxy | the huge grouping of stars that rotate around a center of which the Sun and the solar system are a part
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| spiral arms | areas of stars that spread out from the center of a spiral galaxy
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| galactic center | rotational center of a huge galaxy such as the Milky Way galaxy
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| dust lanes | bands of dust that appear as dark ribbons against the bright stars in a galaxy
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| solar mass | used in astronomy as a standard unit to compare the size of other stars with our Sun
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| apparent magnitude | how bright an object appears in the sky from Earth
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| absolute magnitude | the apparent magnitude an object would have if it were located at a distance of 10 parsecs
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| wavelength | the distance between any two corresponding points that are adjacent on a wave, such as from peak to peak
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| electromagnetic radiation | the type of energy released by stars consisting of electric and magnetic waves that travel at the speed of light
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| radiation | the transfer of energy through matter or space as electromagnetic waves, such as visible light and infrared waves
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| radio waves | electromagnetic waves with long wavelengths and low frequencies
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| microwaves | electromagnetic waves that are between radio waves and infrared waves in the electromagnetic spectrum
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| infrared waves | electromagnetic waves with longer wavelengths than visible light, but shorter than radio waves
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| light waves | provides us with visible light spectrum, the colors we see
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| ultraviolet waves | electromagnetic waves with a shorter wavelength than visible light, but longer than x-rays
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| x-rays | electromagnetic waves that are the second highest in energy and are used in medical and astronomical applications
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| gamma ray | electromagnetic waves with the highest energy; produced by supernovas, the destruction of atoms, or the decay of radioactive material
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| Radio Astronomy | the study of celestial objects that emit radio waves
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| Redshift | the change in wavelength that allows us to determine if an object is moving toward us or away from us
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| Electromagnetic Spectrum | a grouping of all possible energy levels of electromagnetic radiation from radio waves to gamma radiation and includes visible light
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You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
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