Bella Higher Human Unit 3 Behaviour
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| What are the 3 factors that influence the developmemt of behaviour? | 1. Maturation
2. Inheritance
3. Environment
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| Give an example of a behaviour affected by maturation | Walking, Talking, using cutlery
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| Give an examole of an inherited condition that affects behaviour through damage to the nervous system | Huntington's Chorea or PKU
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| Name a process that affects nerves that contributes to maturation of behaviour | Myelination
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| Who has to be studied to discriminate between the effects of inheritance and environment on behaviour? | Monozygotic twins reared apart
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| Give an example of a form of intelligence other than IQ. | Musical intelligence, artistic intelligence, kinesthetic intelligence,
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| What is the importance of infant attachment? | It is the long period of dependence on adults that provides a secure environment for learning and social skills.
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| What individuals are entirely dependent on non-verbal communication? | Babies
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| What is the main benefit of written and spoken communication? | It accelerates learning and intellectual development
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| What is the effect of practise on motor skills? | Makes them faster
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| What is imitation? | Learning behaviour through observation
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| What is positive reinforcement? | Rewarding desired behaviour so it becomes established
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| What is negative reinforcement? | The removal of an unpleasant stimulus when the desired behaviour is displayed so it becomes established
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| Give an example of positive reinforcement in children. | Clapping, smiling, gooing when they eat or drink, heap praise on them when are mannerly etc
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| What is shaping? | Rewarding approximations of a desired behaviour until it is established.
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| Give an example of shaping in children. | Rewarding the eventual use of cutlery with praise etc
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| What word do we use to describe a behaviour which is no longer present. | Extinct
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| What frequency of reinforcement makes a behaviiour less likely to become extinct? | Intermittant
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| What is Generalisation? | Responding the SAME way to related but different stimuli
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| What is Discrimination? | Responding in a DIFFERENT way to related but different stimuli.
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| Give an example of discrimination. | After being bitten by a pitbull, not being scared of all dogs
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| What is Social Facilitation | The increase in performance seen in competitive situations or when observed by others.
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| Deindividuation | The loss of personal identity in a
group leading to diminished restraints on
behaviour.
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| Identification | The changing of beliefs to be like an
admired influencing source.
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| Internalisation | The changing of beliefs as a result of persuasion from a trustworthy source.
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| Motivation | The inner drive to succeed.
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| Carrying capacity | The maximum population an area can support.
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| How has human female fecundity changed over time? | Increased
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| What is fecundity | The potential reproductive capacity of an individual or population - (affected by earlier menarche of modern poulations)
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