CHAP 6 CELL ANATOMY
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| All cells must have what 4 structures? | plasma membrane, DNA, cytoplasm, ribosomes
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| If we double the surface area of a plasma membrane, what happens to the volume of the cell? | increases 8 times
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| List the components of the Cell Theory. | All life is cellular; all life functions as a result of their cells; all cells come from pre-existing cells
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| Which proteins within the plasma membrane transport material into or out of a cell? | integral proteins
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| Integral proteins are also called _________. | transport proteins; carrier proteins; channel proteins
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| The phospholipid molecule is a head that is _____________ and a tail that is ____________. | hydrophilic; hydrophobic
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| Having Hydrophilic properties means a molecule _________ dissolve in water. | will
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| Having Hydrophobic properties means a molecule __________ dissovle in water. | will not
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| A lipid bilayer will form because of ___________ producing clusters of their fatty acid tails. | hydrophobic reactions
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| The lipid bilayer produces a hydrophobic barrier between 2 environments containing_______. | water based
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| The latest model of the plasma membrane proposed by Singer and Nicholson is called the ______________. | fluid mosaic model
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| The fluid mosaic model is best described as a ________________________________________. | phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins
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| Prokayotes lack an organized ______________. | nucleus
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| A long protein fiber containing organelle used in cell movement. | flagella
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| A dense region of RNA within the nucleus responsible for ribosome production. | nucleolus
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| Referred to as rough or smooth depending upon the presence of attached ribosomes. | endoplasmic recticulum
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| The primary organelle of protein production. | ribosomes or rough ER
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| Lipids and carbohydrates are produced here. | smooth endoplasmic recticulum
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| Products of organelles are packaged here for secretion out of the cell. | Golgi apparatus
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| Organelles containing hydrolytic enzymes used in intracellular digestion | lysosome
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| What portions of the Endomembrane System would be involved in protein production and secretion? | rough ER and Golgi apparatus
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| Fluid filled sacs used in liquid storage of compounds within a plant cell and taking up much of the cell's volume. | central vacuole
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| List 3 cell structures found in plant cells but not animal cells. | cell wall, central vacuoles, plastids
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| The primary organelles of ATP production. | mitochondria and chloroplasts
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| The organelles that breakdown glucose and generate ATP during cellular respiration. | mitochondria
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| Mitochondria release the energy stored in the chemical bonds of ________________. | glucose
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| In plant cells, the organelles of photosynthesis. | chloroplasts
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| In animal cells, the organelles of chromosomes movement during cell reproduction. | centrioles
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| The long filament that moves a cell by whipping back and forth. | flagella
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| The short hairlike structures that move fluid around the cell. | cilia
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| What materials are found in a plant cell wall? | cellulose, lignin, pectin
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| Cell to Cell junctions in animal cells that allow communication between cells. | gap junctions
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| Electron microscope has more magnification capabilities but how is the compound light microscope more advantageous? | lets you see living cells
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| the 2 major structural differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes | prokaryotes lack a nuclear membrane and membrane bound organelles
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| what is the major limitation in a cell's size? | the surface area of the cell's plasma membrane verses the volume of the cytoplasm
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| what 2 domains are bacteria found in? | Archaea and Bacteria
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| centrioles are not found in ____________ | plant cells
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| a cell with extensive network of rough ER and ribosomes would likely be involved in the production of | proteins
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| proteins remaining within the cytoplasm will be formed by what type of ribosome? | free floating
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| proteins that will be exported from a cell are produced at which structure? | rough ER
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| DNA can be found in these organelles | nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts
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| 2 most common types of plastids | chloroplast, leucoplasts
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| what is responsible for movement of vesicles and organelles within the cell? | microtubules and motor proteins
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| what structures in plant and animal cells allow materials to pass from cell to cell | plasmodesmata in plants and gap junctions in animal cells
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| organelle converting light energy to ATP energy | chloroplast
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| organelle converting food energy to ATP energy | mitochondria
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| location of ribosomes producing proteins | rough ER
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| organelle involved in digestion and disposal of molecules | lysosome
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| organelle of aerobic respiration | mitochondria
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| ribosomes often attach to what membrane | ER
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| packing of secretory products occurs here | Golgi Apparatus
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| involved in lipid production and protein transport from the cell | ER
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