Science Ch. 5 & 6
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Heredity | parents giving traits to their children
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| Allele | traits making gene pairs
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| genetics | the study at what you get from your parents
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| hybrid | a mxture of two different traits (cross-bread)
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| dominant | the trait that always is going to show up if it is present
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| recessive | will always be covered up unless they are with the same kind
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| punnett square | a tool to predict the chance of having a paticular trait
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| genotype | the traits or the genetic info
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| phenotype | physical traits you can see
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| homozygous | the same trait of allele- AA, aa
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| heterozygous | when the alleles are not the same size- Aa
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| incomplete dominance | production of a phenotype that is intermediate between the two homozygous parents
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| multiple genes | occurs when a group of gene pairs act together and produce a specific trait, such as human eye color, skin color, or height
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| sex-linked gene | an allele inherited on a sex chromosome an that can cause human genetic disorders such as color blindness
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| genetic engineering | biological and chemical methods to change the arrangment of a gene's DNA to improve crop production, produce large volumes of medicine, and change how cells perform their normal functions
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| species | group of organisms that share similar charectaristics and can reproduce among themselves creating a healthy offspring
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| evolution | change in inherited charectaristics over time
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| variation | inherited trait that makes an individual different from other members of the same species and results from a mutation in the organisms genes
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| natural seletion | a process by which organisms with traits best suited to their enviroment are more likely to survive and reproduce
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| adaptation | any variation that makes an organism better suited to its enviroment
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| gradulism | model describing evolution as a slow process by which one species changes into a new species through a continuing series of mutations and variations over time (1000s of years)
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| punctuated equilibrium | model describing the rappid evolution that occurs when a mutation of a few genes result in a species suddenly changing into a new species (100s of years)
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| sedimentary rock | a type of rock most likely to contain fossils and sand, silk, or mud coprised and cemented together
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| radioactive element | element that gives off a steay amount of radiation as it slowly changes to a nonradioactive element
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| embryology | study of embroys and their development
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| homologous | body parts thar are similar in structure and orgin and can be simlar in function
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| vestigal structure | structure, such as the human appendix, that doesn't seem to have a function but may have once functioned in the body of an ancestor
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| what did mendel do? | he discovered how traits are passed on by using pea pods
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| what are the four points of natural selection | 1. The organism must be able to reproduce
2. the organism must be sucesessful
3. the organism must have variations
4. the organism must be populated
( Please Race Very Speepy )
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| what are the two types of evoluton? | gradulism and puntuated equilibrum
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| what are the five pieces of evidence that evolution occurs? | 1. fossils
2. DNA
3. embrology
4. vestigal structures
5. homologous
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| what are the three points to primates | 1. opposable thumb
2. binocular vission
3. flexible shoulders and rotating forelimbs
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| what are hominids? | human like primates that ate meat and vegtables and walked up right on two feet
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| Who was Lucy? | was the southern ape and was the oldest ape fossil recorded that walked upright
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| Compare and contrast Neanderthals to Cro Magnon | Neanderthal - short
Cro Magnon - tall
Neanderthal - lived outside
Cro Magnon - lived in caves
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