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Science Ch. 5 & 6
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Heredity | parents giving traits to their children |
| Allele | traits making gene pairs |
| genetics | the study at what you get from your parents |
| hybrid | a mxture of two different traits (cross-bread) |
| dominant | the trait that always is going to show up if it is present |
| recessive | will always be covered up unless they are with the same kind |
| punnett square | a tool to predict the chance of having a paticular trait |
| genotype | the traits or the genetic info |
| phenotype | physical traits you can see |
| homozygous | the same trait of allele- AA, aa |
| heterozygous | when the alleles are not the same size- Aa |
| incomplete dominance | production of a phenotype that is intermediate between the two homozygous parents |
| multiple genes | occurs when a group of gene pairs act together and produce a specific trait, such as human eye color, skin color, or height |
| sex-linked gene | an allele inherited on a sex chromosome an that can cause human genetic disorders such as color blindness |
| genetic engineering | biological and chemical methods to change the arrangment of a gene's DNA to improve crop production, produce large volumes of medicine, and change how cells perform their normal functions |
| species | group of organisms that share similar charectaristics and can reproduce among themselves creating a healthy offspring |
| evolution | change in inherited charectaristics over time |
| variation | inherited trait that makes an individual different from other members of the same species and results from a mutation in the organisms genes |
| natural seletion | a process by which organisms with traits best suited to their enviroment are more likely to survive and reproduce |
| adaptation | any variation that makes an organism better suited to its enviroment |
| gradulism | model describing evolution as a slow process by which one species changes into a new species through a continuing series of mutations and variations over time (1000s of years) |
| punctuated equilibrium | model describing the rappid evolution that occurs when a mutation of a few genes result in a species suddenly changing into a new species (100s of years) |
| sedimentary rock | a type of rock most likely to contain fossils and sand, silk, or mud coprised and cemented together |
| radioactive element | element that gives off a steay amount of radiation as it slowly changes to a nonradioactive element |
| embryology | study of embroys and their development |
| homologous | body parts thar are similar in structure and orgin and can be simlar in function |
| vestigal structure | structure, such as the human appendix, that doesn't seem to have a function but may have once functioned in the body of an ancestor |
| what did mendel do? | he discovered how traits are passed on by using pea pods |
| what are the four points of natural selection | 1. The organism must be able to reproduce 2. the organism must be sucesessful 3. the organism must have variations 4. the organism must be populated ( Please Race Very Speepy ) |
| what are the two types of evoluton? | gradulism and puntuated equilibrum |
| what are the five pieces of evidence that evolution occurs? | 1. fossils 2. DNA 3. embrology 4. vestigal structures 5. homologous |
| what are the three points to primates | 1. opposable thumb 2. binocular vission 3. flexible shoulders and rotating forelimbs |
| what are hominids? | human like primates that ate meat and vegtables and walked up right on two feet |
| Who was Lucy? | was the southern ape and was the oldest ape fossil recorded that walked upright |
| Compare and contrast Neanderthals to Cro Magnon | Neanderthal - short Cro Magnon - tall Neanderthal - lived outside Cro Magnon - lived in caves |
Created by:
david0
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