National University: Nursing Theory Jan 2014
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Abrasion | scraping, rubbing away of epidermis
- may result localized bleeding/weeping of serous fluid
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| Blanching | 1.Skin whitening due to:
2.Pressure
3.Vasoconstriction
Hypotension
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| Debridement | removal of dead tissue from wound
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| Dehiscence | separation of wound's edges revealing the underlying tissue
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| Eschar | scab/dry crust from skin excoriation (skin scored)
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| Excoriation | abrasion of skin surface (scored)
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| Evisceration | protrusion of visceral organs through wound
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| Fistula | 1. abnormal passage from internal organ to body surface
2. abnormal passage between two internal organs
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| Granulation tissue | soft/pink/fleshy projections of tissue that form during the healing process in a wound that is not healing by primary intention
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| Primary intention | initial union of wound edges that progress to complete scar formulation without granulation
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| Hematoma | collection of blood trapped in tissues of skin/organ
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| Hemostasis | termination of bleeding 1. by mechanical
2. chemical means
3. coagulation process of the body
(blood stays = stops)
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| Induration | hardening of tissue, particularly skin, because of edema/inflammation
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| Laceration | torn/jagged wound
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| Pressure ulcer | inflammation/sore/ulcer in skin over bony prominence
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| Decubitus | pressure sore from laying down
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| Purulent | producing/containing pus
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| Suppurative | generation of pus
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| Sanguineous | fluid containing RBCs
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| Secondary Intention | wound closure with separated edges causing granulation to fill the gaps
epithelium grows over granulation forming a larger scar than if healed by primary intention
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| Serosanguineous | RBC containing fluid WITH SERUM
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| Serous | clear (plasma like) fluid forming exudate at the site of inflammation
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| Exudates | fluid/cells/other substances that have been slowly discharged from cells or blood vessels through small pores or breaks in cell membrane
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| Shearing force | FRICTION exerted when a person is moved/repositioned in bed by being pulled or allowed to slide down in bed
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| Slough | shedding of dead tissue cells
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| Sutures | wound closing similar to sewing
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| Tertiary Intention | delayed wound healing
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| Tissue ischemia | point at which tissue receive insufficient oxygen and perfusion
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| Vacuum assisted closure | treatment for surgical wounds where a pump applies negative pressure to a wound space via tube inserted into wound. Pump is secured in place with disposable sponge covered by a vapor-permeable dressing
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| Erythema | redness/inflammation of skin/mucous membranes resulting from dilation/congestion of superficial capillaries (AKA sunburn)
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| Excoriation | skin injury due to abrasion
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| indurated | hardened tissue (sink) due to edema, inflammation, or infiltration by a tumor
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| Integument | skin (DEC - dermis, epidermis, and 4 appendages
1.hair
2.nails
3.sweat glands
4.sebaceous glands
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| Turgor | normal resiliency of skin cause by outward pressure of cells and interstitial fluid
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| Edema | abnormal accumulation of fluid in interstitial spaces of tissue (AKA swelling)
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| Exudates | fluid/cells/other substances that have slowly been discharged from cells or blood vessels through small pores/breaks in cell membranes (CELLULAR LEVEL)
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| Hyperlipidemia | excessive lipid blood level
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| Hyperglycemia | abnormally high blood sugar levels,resulting in: 1.decreased wound healing
2.decreased ability to fight infection
3.worsens neurological deficits
4.increased risk of death in critically ill patients
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| Hyperglycemia damages which organs? | 1.kidneys
2.peripheral nerves
3.retinae
4.blood vessels
5.heart
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| Glucagon is found where? | polypeptide hormone secreted by alpha cells of pancreas
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| What does Glucagon do? | Increases blood glucose level by stimulating LIVER to change store glycogen into glucose
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| Why is Glucagon important? | 1. Opposes action of insulin
2. DM pts inject to reverse
a. hypoglycemic reactions
b. insulin shock
3. Increases use of fats & excess amino acids (proteins) for energy production (Atkins?)
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| Polyuria | abnormally high volume of urine
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| what is polydipsia? | excessive thirst
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| What are the s/s of Polydipsia | 1. dehydration
2. hyperglycemia
3. hypovolemia
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| Polyphagia | gluttony
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| Microvascular | smallest arterioles & venules
capillary network
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| Macrovascular | largest arteries and veins
1. Aorta,
2. coronary arteries
3. inferior/superior vena cava
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| Neuropathy | inflammation/degeneration of peripheral nerves altering sensory/motor function
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| Retinopathy definition? | noninflammatory retinal damage or disease
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| Retinopathy left untreated causes? | Gradual loss of vision and eventual blindness
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| Retinopathy results from? | Caused by systemic illnesses:
1. hypertension
2. Diabetes Millitus
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| Nephropathy definition | kidney disease
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| Nephropathy causes which diseases | 1. nephritis (inflammation of kidney)
2. nephrosis (degeneration of kidney)
3. sclerotic lesions (kidney scaring
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| Preparandial | before a meal
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Created by:
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