Chapter 1, 2, 3, 5
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| show | thoughts & feelings
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| show | nervous system & anything associated with it
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| show | actions
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| Why is it hard to study psychology? | show 🗑
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| What serves as the stable factor when studying psychology? | show 🗑
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| show | philosophy & physiology
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| Why is psychology considered a science? | show 🗑
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| animism | show 🗑
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| dualism | show 🗑
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| show | study of mind, brain, behavior, & their interactions
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| modified dualism (Descartes) | show 🗑
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| What part of the brain did Descartes believe allow the mind to interact with the body? | show 🗑
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| show | mind product of the brain (no soul)
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| show | knowledge acquired through sensory experiences
opposed nativism
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| natural selection (Darwin) | show 🗑
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| different scientists who tried to understand brain & nervous system (7) | show 🗑
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| Who founded psychology? When? Where? | show 🗑
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| show | components of thought (parts make whole) & introspection (looking at oneself) - not replicable/consistent
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| show | focused on roles of thought & behavior (reasoning) & how they adapt
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| show | a lot happened in the unconscious
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| show | whole is different from the sum of its parts
context & expectations influence what you see
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| show | focused on observables & not mind
fails to take mental processes & evolutionary history into account
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| What are the 2 categories in psychological disciplines/areas? | show 🗑
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| What are the steps of the scientific method? | show 🗑
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| show | educated guess, falsifiable ideas in should/shouldn't format
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| show | explanation of how things work
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| experiment | show 🗑
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| show | specific mental abilities associated with parts of brain
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| hysteria | show 🗑
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| show | approach to understanding humans with emphasis on positive potential
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| cognitive psychology | show 🗑
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| behavioral neuroscience | show 🗑
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| cognitive neuroscience | show 🗑
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| show | mind & behavior adaptive & preserved by natural selection
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| social psychology | show 🗑
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| show | how cultures reflect & shape psychological processes
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| show | culture has little influence on psychology
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| show | phenomena vary & should be viewed in context of specific culture
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| What are the 3 experimental variables? | show 🗑
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| show | cause & effect
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| show | no manipulation
helps to see relationships
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| show | idiosyncratic - specific to an individual
insightful, but not generalizable
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| observational studies | show 🗑
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| show | counterbalancing - balance out costs to remove variability & see only your effects
random assignment
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| show | unconscious expectations from researchers can influence outcome
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| demand characteristics | show 🗑
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| single-blind studies | show 🗑
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| double-blind studies | show 🗑
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| experiments/studies should have _______ & ________ | show 🗑
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| generalizability | show 🗑
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| show | people who listen to Mozart score better on intelligence tests
NOT replicable
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| show | informed consent - sign a form
debriefing - tell them everything after
confidentiality
IRB (institutional review board) - approves studies
value - cost/benefit ratio
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| show | -no needless harm
-help others
-no coercion
-deception needs a good reason
-protect powerless & vulnerabl (minors, handicapped, prisoners)
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| validity | show 🗑
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| types of validity | show 🗑
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| show | replicability
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| inter-rater reliability | show 🗑
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| normal data distribution curve | show 🗑
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| descriptive statistics | show 🗑
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| show | evaluate hypotheses using probability
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| show | central tendency & variability
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| show | mean (arithmetic average)
median (middle score)
mode (most popular response)
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| When do you want to use the median value? | show 🗑
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| bimodal data | show 🗑
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| types of variability | show 🗑
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| types of data plots | show 🗑
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| show | reliable differences
same bar caused by random variation
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| Type I error | show 🗑
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| Type II error | show 🗑
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| rule of parsimony | show 🗑
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| show | respect for persons
beneficience (max benefits & min risks)
justice (benefits & risks distributed equally)
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| third variable correlation | show 🗑
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| show | participants identical in terms of third variable
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| show | participant identical to one other in terms of a third variable
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| parts of a neuron | show 🗑
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| show | where info goes out
has neurotransmitters on the end
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| dendrites | show 🗑
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| myelin sheath | show 🗑
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| show | gaps in between axons
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| show | white matter - myelinated neurons (white = fat)
gray matter - unmyelinated
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| show | afferent (sensory) - periphery to CNS
efferent (motor) - CNS to periphery
interneurons - shuffling info to help mind think
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| show | helps maintains neurons
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| show | -provide nutrients
-clean up waste
-hold neurons in place
-insulate neurons
-remove dead neurons
-create myelin
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| show | neural impulse --> synapse
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| show | -77 mV
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| show | gets more positive
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| show | all or none - either they fire or they don't
randomly fires
more impulse = more firing
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| 2 important components of neural coding | show 🗑
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| show | potassium and sodium
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| show | negative
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| show | Na ions flow in
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| What happens during repolarization? | show 🗑
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| show | K gates close
pump moves Na ions out & K ions in
no action potential can be initiated
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| show | -lock & key system
-binding site on post-synaptic neuron for vesicles
-neurotransmitters are released
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| What are the two types of neurons involved in neural firing? | show 🗑
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| glutamate | show 🗑
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| show | -inhibitory
-anxiety regulation & learning
-stimulated by alcohol, barbituates, benzodiazapine
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| neuromodulators | show 🗑
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| two types of neuromodulators | show 🗑
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| show | -inhibitory
-opiods (pain regulation)
-blocked by Naloxone
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| cannabinoids | show 🗑
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| show | reuptake with autoreceptors
enzymatic deactivation/neutralization
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| show | -re-uptake blocker of serotonin
-agonist
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| how does learning occur? | show 🗑
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| two parts of the nervous system | show 🗑
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| two parts of the PNS | show 🗑
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| show | sympathetic (dynamic) & parasympathetic (relaxed)
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| show | brain & spinal cord
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| show | forebrain, midbrain, hindbrain
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| show | surrounded by cerebral spinal fluid made by ventricles, meninges, blood-brain barrier
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| show | glial cells
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| show | mediates brain & PNS, reflexes
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| list 3 parts of brain from oldest to newest | show 🗑
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| 2 parts of hindbrain/brain stem | show 🗑
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| 2 parts of myelencephalon | show 🗑
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| show | pons (sensory info, respiration)
cerebellum (fine motor control, coordination, balance)
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| show | tegementum (reticular activating system..arousal & sleep-waking, movement)
tectum (superior colliculus/unconscious vision, inferior colliculus/unconscious hearing, orientation)
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| show | motor & metabolic processes
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| what are 3 neurological imaging measures? | show 🗑
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| what are 4 electrical measures? | show 🗑
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| compare two types of neurological imaging | show 🗑
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| show | PET (radioisotopes in blood)
fMRI (oxygen molecules examined)
NIRS (refraction patterns on scalp)
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| why is looking at brain damage not very informative? | show 🗑
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| show | diencephalon & telencephalon
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| 2 parts of diencephalon | show 🗑
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| 4 parts of telencephalon | show 🗑
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| 3 parts of limbic system | show 🗑
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| show | -study of the mind
-bumps & depressions on skull represent different functions
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| 4 lobes of the cortex | show 🗑
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| how many lobes do you have total? | show 🗑
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| show | damaged frontal lobe led to different emotions & behavior
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| show | parts dedicated with respect to how sensitive they are
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| show | parts dedicated with respect to how much you need to control it
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| show | -active when watching others do things/you do things
-origin of empathy
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| example of mirror neurons in action | show 🗑
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| show | strokes, phantom limbs
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| 2 types of language areas | show 🗑
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| show | can't speak well, little syntax, can't write, CAN understand, laborious speaking
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| show | trouble understanding others & themselves, talk a lot
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| show | contralateral except for sense of smell
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| what is the left hemisphere better at (3) | show 🗑
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| show | spatial processing
holistic processing
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| how do hemispheres exchange information | show 🗑
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| show | project to opposite hemispheres & respective side of the eye
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| what happens during the resting period of neural firing? | show 🗑
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| show | depolarization until max potential is reached
repolarization
hyperpolarization
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| salitory conduction | show 🗑
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| show | -inhibitory & excitatory
-involuntary motor control
-activates muscles
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| show | Alzheimer's
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| show | -inhibitory & excitatory
-regulates motor behavior, motivation, pleasure, emotions
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| show | Parkinson's
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| abundance of dopamine | show 🗑
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| show | -excitatory
-mood & arousal
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| show | -inhibitory
-regulation of sleep, eating, aggression
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| L-dopa & MPTP | show 🗑
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| show | -agonist
-stimulates release of norepinephrine & dopamine
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| propranalol | show 🗑
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| show | hormone-producing system
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Created by:
Tiffanyy
Popular Psychology sets