antibiotics prt 1
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| which drugs inhibit DNA synthesis and integrity | Sulfanomides, Trimethoprim, Quinolones
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| Which drugs inhibit cell wall synthesis | Vancomycin, Monobactams, crbapenems, Penicillin, cephalosporins
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| which drugs inhibit transcripotion and translation | Aminoglycosides
tetracycline, streptogrammins, lincosamiees, chlorampheticol, macrolides
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| differentiate gram negative from gram positive | gram negative has the cell wall in beterrn 2
membranes and gram positive has cell wall covered in murin
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| what makes bacteria cell wall firm adn rigid? | peptidoglycan
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| what will substitutions at beta lactam rings effect? | solubility weather oral or not, resistence to beta lactamase, spetrum of activity - either gram neg or positive
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| how do betalactams and vaco effect cell wall? | it inhibits peptdoglycan synthesis
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| what class is vancomycin | glycopeptide antibiotic
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| what are major reactions of penicillin? | since we dont have cell walls major interactionsare hypersensitivity / allergic. or GI
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| what is transpeptidase? | links the peptides together needed to make peptidoglycans or cell wall
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| what is PBP | penicillin binding protein or transpeptidas
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| what do beta lactams inhibit? | Transpeptidase
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| whats the biggest drawback of using penicillin? | the emergence of beta lactamse
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| what do penicillins work against? | gram positive, non beta lactamase anaerobes
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| Nafcillin | anti-stappylococcal pnc
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| methicillin | antistaphylococci penicillin
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| which antibiotics are more broader range? | nafcillin, methicillin
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| which antibiotics are extended spectru,m? | ampicillin, amoxicillin
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| which drugs are beta lactamase inhibitors? | clavulanic acid, sulbactam, tazobactam
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| what is unasyn | ampicillin and sulbactam
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| what is augmentin | amoxicillin and claulanic acid
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| zosyn | pipercillin/tazobactam
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| ampicillina nd sulbactam | unasyn
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| amoxicillin and clavulanic acid | augmentin
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| pipercillin/tazobactam | zosyn
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| how to beta lactam inhibitors work? | beta lactamase think they are beta lactam righs they are confused and fooled because it is structurally different ties them up with the beta lactam inhibitors
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| penicillins are cleared vuia what/ | renal
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| what is important to know about oral penacillin? | give on an empty stomach except with amoxicillin may be given without reguard
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| major adverse effects of pnc | hypersensitivity
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| what are ways bacteria can become resistant to beta lactams? | inactivation by beta lactamase, mutation of pbp- very common, impaired penitration to drug, presence of efflux pump
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| why were cephalosporins made? | they re chemically structurally and mechanastically similar to PNC but more stable against beta lactamse
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| describe first generation cephalosporinq | limite range of activity
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| has excellent resistant to most beta lactamse | cefepim 4th generation
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| against penicillin resistant streptococci | cefepim 4th generation
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| against MRSA, VRSA, VISA | Ceftaroline (teflaro)
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| treatment of meningitic from pneymococci | ceftriaxone and cefotaxime add vancomycin for more coverage
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