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antibiotics prt 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| which drugs inhibit DNA synthesis and integrity | Sulfanomides, Trimethoprim, Quinolones |
| Which drugs inhibit cell wall synthesis | Vancomycin, Monobactams, crbapenems, Penicillin, cephalosporins |
| which drugs inhibit transcripotion and translation | Aminoglycosides tetracycline, streptogrammins, lincosamiees, chlorampheticol, macrolides |
| differentiate gram negative from gram positive | gram negative has the cell wall in beterrn 2 membranes and gram positive has cell wall covered in murin |
| what makes bacteria cell wall firm adn rigid? | peptidoglycan |
| what will substitutions at beta lactam rings effect? | solubility weather oral or not, resistence to beta lactamase, spetrum of activity - either gram neg or positive |
| how do betalactams and vaco effect cell wall? | it inhibits peptdoglycan synthesis |
| what class is vancomycin | glycopeptide antibiotic |
| what are major reactions of penicillin? | since we dont have cell walls major interactionsare hypersensitivity / allergic. or GI |
| what is transpeptidase? | links the peptides together needed to make peptidoglycans or cell wall |
| what is PBP | penicillin binding protein or transpeptidas |
| what do beta lactams inhibit? | Transpeptidase |
| whats the biggest drawback of using penicillin? | the emergence of beta lactamse |
| what do penicillins work against? | gram positive, non beta lactamase anaerobes |
| Nafcillin | anti-stappylococcal pnc |
| methicillin | antistaphylococci penicillin |
| which antibiotics are more broader range? | nafcillin, methicillin |
| which antibiotics are extended spectru,m? | ampicillin, amoxicillin |
| which drugs are beta lactamase inhibitors? | clavulanic acid, sulbactam, tazobactam |
| what is unasyn | ampicillin and sulbactam |
| what is augmentin | amoxicillin and claulanic acid |
| zosyn | pipercillin/tazobactam |
| ampicillina nd sulbactam | unasyn |
| amoxicillin and clavulanic acid | augmentin |
| pipercillin/tazobactam | zosyn |
| how to beta lactam inhibitors work? | beta lactamase think they are beta lactam righs they are confused and fooled because it is structurally different ties them up with the beta lactam inhibitors |
| penicillins are cleared vuia what/ | renal |
| what is important to know about oral penacillin? | give on an empty stomach except with amoxicillin may be given without reguard |
| major adverse effects of pnc | hypersensitivity |
| what are ways bacteria can become resistant to beta lactams? | inactivation by beta lactamase, mutation of pbp- very common, impaired penitration to drug, presence of efflux pump |
| why were cephalosporins made? | they re chemically structurally and mechanastically similar to PNC but more stable against beta lactamse |
| describe first generation cephalosporinq | limite range of activity |
| has excellent resistant to most beta lactamse | cefepim 4th generation |
| against penicillin resistant streptococci | cefepim 4th generation |
| against MRSA, VRSA, VISA | Ceftaroline (teflaro) |
| treatment of meningitic from pneymococci | ceftriaxone and cefotaxime add vancomycin for more coverage |
Created by:
Cherry5301
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