Fluids & Electrolyte
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Too much fluid in the body is defined as? | Hypervolemia
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| Causes of Hypervolemia (3)? | 1. Heart Failure 2. Renal Failure 3. Too much sodium
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| Steroid (Mineralcorticoid) that aids in the retention of sodium and wanter? | Aldosterone
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| Aldosterone is a mineralcorticoid that? | retains sodium and water
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| Aldosterone is found in? | The adrenal glands
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| Aldosterone secretion increases when? | Blood volume gets low
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| Diseases with too much Aldosterone? | Cushings, Hyperaldosteronism
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| Diseases with too little Aldosterone? | Addison’s Disease
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| What does ANP do? Where is it found? When is it released? | excretes Sodium and water, found in the atria of the heart, when the atria stretch
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| ADH causes the _______ of water. | retention
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| CVP is measured where? | In the right atrium
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| Normal Values for CVP? | 2-6mmhg
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| Goes into the vascular space and stays there? | Isotonic Solutions (NS 0.9%, LR, D5NS)
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| Do not use isotonic solutions in clients with (3)? | Heart failure, hypertention, or renal disease
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| Goes into the vascular space then shifts out into the cells? | Hypotonic Solutions (0.5 % NS)
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| Solution that is PID (Packing with Particles)? | Hypertonic Solutions
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| Draws fluids out of the cells and into the vascular space? | Hypertonic Solutions
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| Magnesium and Calcium act as? | sedatives
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| Magnesium is excreted through the? | Kidneys, although can also be lost in the GI tract
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| Causes of hypermagnesemia? | Renal failure and antacids
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| Magnesium makes you vasodilate or vasoconstrict? | Vasodilate
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| What is the antidote for magnesium? | Calcium Gluconate
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| What is the normal lab value for magnesium? | 1.2-2.1mEq/L
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| What is the normal lab value for calcium? | 9.0-10.5 mg/dl
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| Major cause of hypercalcemia? | Too much PTH (hyperparathyroidism)
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| Three causes of hypercalcemia? | Hyperparathyroidism, thiazides, immobilization
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| S/S of hypercalcemia? | Brittle bones and kidney stones
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| What can aid in decreasing calcium? | phosphorus and steroids
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| What should you check before, during and after mag IV? | kidney function
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| Chvostek sign? | Tap cheek and look for twitching
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| Trouseseau’s sign? | pump blood pressure cuff up and look for hand tremors
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| Normal sodium level? | 135-145 mEq/L
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| Normal potassium levels? 3.5-5.0 mEq/L |
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| ECG changes with HYPOkalemia? | U waves, PVS, and v-tach
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| Potassium has an inverse relationship with? | Sodium
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