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Fluids & Electrolyte
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Too much fluid in the body is defined as? | Hypervolemia |
| Causes of Hypervolemia (3)? | 1. Heart Failure 2. Renal Failure 3. Too much sodium |
| Steroid (Mineralcorticoid) that aids in the retention of sodium and wanter? | Aldosterone |
| Aldosterone is a mineralcorticoid that? | retains sodium and water |
| Aldosterone is found in? | The adrenal glands |
| Aldosterone secretion increases when? | Blood volume gets low |
| Diseases with too much Aldosterone? | Cushings, Hyperaldosteronism |
| Diseases with too little Aldosterone? | Addison’s Disease |
| What does ANP do? Where is it found? When is it released? | excretes Sodium and water, found in the atria of the heart, when the atria stretch |
| ADH causes the _______ of water. | retention |
| CVP is measured where? | In the right atrium |
| Normal Values for CVP? | 2-6mmhg |
| Goes into the vascular space and stays there? | Isotonic Solutions (NS 0.9%, LR, D5NS) |
| Do not use isotonic solutions in clients with (3)? | Heart failure, hypertention, or renal disease |
| Goes into the vascular space then shifts out into the cells? | Hypotonic Solutions (0.5 % NS) |
| Solution that is PID (Packing with Particles)? | Hypertonic Solutions |
| Draws fluids out of the cells and into the vascular space? | Hypertonic Solutions |
| Magnesium and Calcium act as? | sedatives |
| Magnesium is excreted through the? | Kidneys, although can also be lost in the GI tract |
| Causes of hypermagnesemia? | Renal failure and antacids |
| Magnesium makes you vasodilate or vasoconstrict? | Vasodilate |
| What is the antidote for magnesium? | Calcium Gluconate |
| What is the normal lab value for magnesium? | 1.2-2.1mEq/L |
| What is the normal lab value for calcium? | 9.0-10.5 mg/dl |
| Major cause of hypercalcemia? | Too much PTH (hyperparathyroidism) |
| Three causes of hypercalcemia? | Hyperparathyroidism, thiazides, immobilization |
| S/S of hypercalcemia? | Brittle bones and kidney stones |
| What can aid in decreasing calcium? | phosphorus and steroids |
| What should you check before, during and after mag IV? | kidney function |
| Chvostek sign? | Tap cheek and look for twitching |
| Trouseseau’s sign? | pump blood pressure cuff up and look for hand tremors |
| Normal sodium level? | 135-145 mEq/L |
| Normal potassium levels? 3.5-5.0 mEq/L | |
| ECG changes with HYPOkalemia? | U waves, PVS, and v-tach |
| Potassium has an inverse relationship with? | Sodium |
Created by:
karenmarie927
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