Introduction: Chapter 1 Exam I
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| 1. genome | 1. all the chromosomes and DNA sequences that an organism or species can possess
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| 2. chromosome | 2. the structures within living cells that contain the genetic material. Genes are located within this structure.
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| 3. 46 human chromosomes are found in 23 pairs | 3. each cell contains _____ human chromosomes found in _____ pairs
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| 4. GFP | 4. green fluorescent protein, a protein produced in jellyfish that is used as a marker
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| 5. gene | 5. a segment of DNA that produces a functional product, usually a polypeptide
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| 6. polypeptide | 6. a linear sequence of amino acids
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| 7. traits | 7. characteristics of an organism
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| 8. nucleic acids | 8. the type of macromolecules that include DNA and RNA
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| 9. proteome | 9. all the proteins that a cell makes at a given time
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| 10. nucleotides | 10. serve as the monomers for nucleic acids
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| 11. a nitrogenous base, a five-carbon sugar, and at least one phosphate group | 11. composition of a nucleotide
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| 12. kinase | 12. transfers a phosphate group from a high-energy donor molecule like ATP.
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| 13. substrate level phosphylation | 13. direct transfer of a phosphate group from a substrate to a molecule of ADP
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| 14. oxidative phosphorylation | 14. occurs in the electron transport chain. uses inorganic Pi to form ATP
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| 15.genetic code | 15. determines the order of addition of amino acids in protein synthesis via nucleotide triplets
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| 16. four nitrogen-containing bases | 16. adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine
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| 17. transcription | 17. first step in gene expression. DNA sequence is copied to mRNA
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| 18. translation | 18. mRNA is decoded to form protein
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| 19. morphological traits | 19. traits affecting the appearance of an organism
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| 20, allele | 20. an alternative form of a specific gene
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| 21. genetic variation | 21. differences in traits within a population
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| 22. morphs | 22. contrasting forms within the same species
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| 23. molecular level | 23. As to levels of organization, genes are expressed at the _____ level.
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| 24. proteins | 24. At the cellular level, function is mediated by ______.
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| 25. organism level | 25. Traits observed can be considered a phenomenon observed at the _____ level.
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| 26. species | 26. A _____ is group of organisms that maintain a particular set of attributes in nature.
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| 27. population level | 27. The occurrence of a trait within a species happens at the ______ level.
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| 28. gene mutations | 28. small or large changes within gene sequences
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| 29. chromosome | 29. Genetic variation may be the result of changes in ____ structure.
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| 30. chromosomes | 30. Structures within cells that contain the genetic material.
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| 31. norm of reaction | 31. how environmental factors influence expression of a gene.
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| 32. diploid | 32. two copies of each chromosome
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| 33. homologous chromosomes | 33. one set maternal and paternal chromosomes
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| 34. somatic cells | 34. cells not directly involved in sexual reproduction
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| 35. gametes | 35. sperm and eggs cells with a haploid number of chromosomes
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| 36. transgenic | 36. DNA isolated from one organism and transplanted into another
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Created by:
mgionet@mail.usf.edu
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