Nutrition and Digestion
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| nutrient | substances in foods that provide energy and materials for cell development, growth, and repair
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| protein | large molecules that contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sometimes sulfur and is made up of amino acids; used by the body for growth and for replacement and repair of body cells
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| amino acid | building block of protein
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| carbohydrate | nutrient that usually is the body's main source of energy; made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
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| fat | nutrient that stores energy, cushions organs, and helps the body absorb vitamins
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| vitamin | water-soluble or fat-soluble organic nutrient needed in small quantities for growth, for preventing some diseases, and for regulating body function
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| mineral | inorganic nutrient that regulates many chemical reactions in the body
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| food group | group of foods--such as bread, cereal, rice, and pasta--containing the same type of nutrients
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| digestion | the process that breaks down food into small molecules so they can be absorbed and moved into the blood to be transported throughout the body
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| mechanical digestion | takes place when food is chewed, mixed, and churned
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| chemical digestion | when chemical reactions occur that break down large molecules of food into smaller ones
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| enzyme | a type of protein that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction in your body
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| peristalsis | waves of muscle contractions that move food through the digestive tract
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| chyme | thin, watery liquid that moves from the stomach to the small intestine
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| villi | finger-like projections in the small intestine that increase the surface area for absorption
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| mouth | where food enters the body; mechanical and chemical digestion both take place here
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| esophagus | tube that connects the mouth with the stomach; peristalsis moves food through it
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| stomach | muscular organ where acid is added to food; chemical and mechanical digestion both take place here
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| small intestine | skinny, but long, tube-like organ 4-7 m in length; where nutrients are absorbed into the bloodstream
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| large intestine | wider and shorter than small intestine; where water is absorbed out of chyme and undigested material becomes more solid
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| rectum | end of large intestine where solid waste is stored before being released from the body
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| anus | end of the digestive tract; where waste products leave the body
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You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
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Created by:
MsHollinger
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