1st Semester Exam Stack
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| What are the three major sections of the Earth? | Crust, Mantle, and Core
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| What is the lithosphere? | The outer-most layer of the Earth that we walk on.
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| What is the asthenosphere? | the "plastic" like layer that the lithosphere floats and moves on.
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| What is the mesosphere? | the strong, inner layer of the Earth
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| What is the outer core? | liquid iron
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| What is the inner core? | Solid Iron
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| What element make up the inner core of the Earth? | Iron
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| What does the material produce that is detectable at the surface? | Magnetic Fields
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| What does a magnet produce that can be detected with iron fillings and compasses at the surface? | Magnetic Fields
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| What direction does a compass point? Why? | North...it is drawn to the South Magnetic Pole
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| Why are some maerials able to be magnetized whild others can't? | Some atoms can aline and others can's.
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| What is the geologic time scale? | A timeline of Earth's history
A tool to study Ear's history
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| Why did scientists create the geologic time scale? | To make studying Earth's history easier
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| Name the 4 units of time on the geologic time scale from longest to shortest. | Eon, Era, Period, Epoch
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| Name and tell who ruled 3 eras of Earth's history. | Palozoic(Marine)
Mesozoic(Reptile)
Cenozoic(Mammals)
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| Which era are we in right now? | Cenozoic
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| What are tectonic plate? | Chuncks of earth that move and fit together
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| What is the theory of plate tectonics? | Plates of the Earth move and fit together
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| What are curents that bring hot materials up ad cooler materials down? | Convection currents do to the tectonic plates
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| What do convection currents do to tectonic plates? | Make them move
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| Name the area where two plates collide. | Convergant Boundries
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| Name the area where plates move away from each other. | Divergaent Boundries
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| Name the area where two plates slide past each other. | Transform Boundries
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| What process creates new ocean floor? | sea-floor spreading
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| Which process creates mountain ranges? | Convergent
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| Which process is the same as sea-floor spreading? | Divergent
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| When plates rub against each other, what occurs? | Earthquake
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| Which boundries resut in earthquakes? | Transform, convergent, divergent
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| If there is a break in the crust, what is created? | fault, volcano, fissure
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| What theory supports the idea that the Earth has changed quickly? | Catastrophism
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| What theory supprts the idea that the Earth has changed slowly? | Uniformitarism
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| How do igneous rocks form? | Magma Cools
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| Name the igneous rock formations inside the crust of the Earth. | Intrusive igneous rock
(Dike, Sill, Batholith, Stock)
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| Name the igneous rock formations outside the crust of the Earth. | Extrusive igneous rock
(Dike, Volcanic Neck)
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| How do metamorphic rocks form? | Heat & Pressure
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| How do sedimentry rocks form? | Sediment packed together
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| What are three types of sedimentary rocks? | Clastic, Chemical, Organic
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| Which one is made from sediment packed together? | Clastic
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| Which one is made from sediment crystallizing together? | Chemical
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| Which one is made from dead bodies being packed together? | Organic
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| What are the parts of the rock that take place above the surface? | Erosion, Weathering, Deposition, and Solidifaction
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| What are the parts of the rock cycle that take place below the surface? | Compaction and Cementation, Metamorphism, Melting, Cooling
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| What are the 8 parts of the rock cycle? | Erosion, Weathering, Depostion, Solidifaction, Compaction and Cementation, Metamorphism, Melting, Cooling
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| What is the top layer of the soil caled? | Top Soil
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| What is the undweathered rock called that is found below the surface? | Bedrock
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| What ingredients make up the soil? | Sand, CLay, Silt, Water, Air
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| What is the major ingredientin soil? | Rock Fragments
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| What type of particles are found in soil? | sand, clay, silt, water, clay, air, humus
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| Why is infilation important for plants in soil? | They get water and nutrients
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| What is leaching? | Nutrient are washed out of soil.
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| Are all soils nutrient-rich? | No
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| What is another name for soil layers? | Soil Horizons
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| What kind of environment has very rich soil for growing crops? | Temperate Forest and Grasslands
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| What important role do organisms have in keeping soil "healthy" for plants? | They break down the ground and "process" the material(poop)
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| What causes a sinkhole in the Earth? | The ground caves in
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| What happens to the limestone under the surface of the Earth? | It dissolves because of carbonic acid.
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| What causes the caverns and caves in the Earth? | The limestone breaks down and errodes away
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| What does a glacier do to the surface of the Earth? | It moves materials and breaks down rocks
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| What is the currently happening to glaciers of the world? | They are melting.
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| What can happen when a glacier melts? | flooding
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| Was Indiana ever covered by a glacier? | Yes
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| Would you find fossils in metamorphic rock? | No, Too much heat and pressure
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| Name 5 types of enviornments where you could find fossils. | Amber, Asphalt, Sediment, Ice
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| Is there fossil evidence to show that envieronments have changed over time? | Yes
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| What kind of events may have changed Earth's surface over time? | Glaciers, Volcanoes, Earthquakes, Asteroids, Floods
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| What is mass? | How much matter an object has.
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| What is volume? | How much space an object takes up
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| What is density? | How much matter is in a given volume
D=M/V
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| What is weight? | how much gravitaional force pulls on an object
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| What are the units of mass? | Grams or Kilograms
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| What are the units of volume? | Cm cubed for a solid/ mL or Liters for liquids
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| What are the units of density? | Grams per cm cubed
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| What are the units of weight? | Newtons
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| What instruments are used to measure each property? | Mass- Triple Beam Balance
Volume-Graduated Cylinder(liquid)or Ruler(solid)
Density- Triple Beam Balace & graduated cylinder or Ruler
Weight- spring scale
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