Peds resp
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What cell types does Reactive Airway Disease (Asthma) affect | Mast cells Eosinophils T Lymphocytes
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Inflammation causes increase in | bronchial hyper response
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obstructive airflow is due to | Inflammation Bronchospasms mucus plugging
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with Reactive Airway Disease pt. has decrease in | tidal vol and expiratory vol.
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Ph abnormalities seen in Reactive Airway Disease are d/t | increase in # of poorly ventilated alveoli increase in hypoxemia CO2 retention Resp acidosis
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decrease in Ph and increase in CO2 build up results in | poor ventilation
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Asthma triggers | Aspirin smoke cold air pollutants
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What type of medications are used for maintenance of Asthma | inhaled antiinflammatory (steroid) mast cell inhibitors leukotriene modifiers
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Name a mast cell inhibitor | Cromolyn
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Name a leukotriene modifier | Singulair
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Name 4 common inhaled steroids | Flovent Advair Pulmicort Azmacort
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What does Leukotrienes do in the body | cause increase in mucus and tighten airway muscles (chemical response)
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when in "yellow" (caution) of action plan what line of drugs to use | SABA-Short Acting Beta Agonist
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When in "RED" of action plan what should pt. do | continue to use SABA and go to ER
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Name one SABA | Albuterol
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Name 2 corticosteroids used in treatment of relief of or rescue for asthma | Prednisone Beclomethasone (short term)
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What anticholinergic is given in the ER | Atrovent
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Cystic Fibrosis is what type of disorder | hereditary autosomal recessive trait; affecting 1:4 among carriers (both parents have the trait)
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what are the manifestations of CF | malabsorption of nutrients by pancrease increased viscous mucus production Mucus gland secrets thick protein that accumulates and dilates the glands 1st manifestation is meconium ileus increase sodium chloride (sweat)
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What are some physical findings of child with CF | clubbing of fingers increase resp with cyanosis productive moist cough barrel chest poor perfusion poor gas exchange
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What are some findings other findings in child with CF | FTT freq URI malabsorption of fats and proteins mild malodorous diarrhea steatorrhea (fatty stools)
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How is CF diagnosed | Sweat test (normal chloride <40 meq) pancreatic enzymes (tripsin and lipase)tripsin absent in 80%
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How to manage CF | prevent and TX infection chest physiotherapy physical exercise dietary supplement (enzymes with meals)
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What characteristics characterize Croup | Inspiratory stridor Barky cough hoarseness
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what is the BIG 3 referring to in Croup | group of viral and bacterial syndromes laryngotracheobronchitis bacterial tracheitis epiglottitis
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Is epiglottitis viral or bacterial | Bacterial
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Is Croup viral or bacterial | both
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what medication groups treat Croup | Beta agonist: bronchodilators to relaxe bronchi and bronchioles muscels corticosteroids:Dexamethasone (Decadron)
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Name a beta agonist used with croup | Racemic Epi
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What other interventions are used with croup | O2 with humidityy meet fluid and nutrional needs non carbonated non acid drinks
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What does RSV stand for | Respiratory Synctial Virus
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How is RSV diagnosed | nasal swab
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What are manifestations of RSV | start out as URI progress to resp distress d/t infection of bronchial mucosa leading ot obstruction
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Therapeutic regimen for RSV | bronchodilators steroids beta agonists
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Name 2 medications given to children with RSV | Synagis Palivizumab IM RespiGam (RSV immune globin)
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is RSV contagious | yes. place pt. on droplet and contact isolation
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decreased ventilation can lead to respiratory acidosis. what lab values showes resp acidosis | increased blood CO2 and decreased pH
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Give example of what lab values would look like for someone in acute resp acidosis | pH < 7.35 PaCO2 > 45 HCO3 22-26 (normal)
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What lab value would increase if someone was partly compensating for resp acidosis | the HCO3 would increase
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If pH was normal but PaCO2 and HCO3 were elevated in resp acidosis this would mean what | Body is compensating
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