Foundations of Business Intelligence: Databases and Information Management
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| Attributes | Pieces of information describing a particular entity
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| Data administration | A special organizational function for managing the organizations data resources, concerned with information policy, data planning, maintenance of data dicitonaries, and data quality standards.
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| Data cleansing | Activities for detecting and correcting data in a database or file that are incorrect, incomplete, improperly formatted, or redundant. also known as data scrubbing.
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| Data definition | Specifies the structure of the content of a database
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| Data dictionary | An automated or manual tool for storing and organizing information about the data maintained in a database
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| Data manipulation language | A language assoiciated with a database management system that end users and programmers use to manipulate data in the database
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| Data mart | A small data warehouse containing only a portion of the organizations data for a specified function or population of users.
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| Data mining | Analysis of large pools of data to find patterns and rules that can be used to guide decision making and predict future behavior
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| Data quality audit | A servey and/or sample of files to determine accuracy and completeness of data in an information system.
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| Data warehouse | A database, with reporting and query tools, that stores current and historical data extracted from various operational systems and consolidated for management reporting and analysis.
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| Database | a group of related files. Also a collection of related files containing records on people, places, or things.
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| Database administration | Refers to the more technical and operational aspects of managing data, including physical database design and maintenance.
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| Database management system (DBMS) | Special software to create and maintain a database and enable individual business applications to extract the data they need without having to create seperate files or data definitions in their computer programs
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| Database server | A computer in a client/server environment that is responsible for runnign a DBMS to process SQL statements and perform database management tasks.
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| Entity | A person, place, thing, or event about which information must be kept.
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| Entity-relationship diagram | A methodology for documenting databases illustrating the relationship between various entities in the database.
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| Field | A grouping of characters into a word, a group of words, or a complete number, such as a person's name or age.
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| Foreign key | Field in a database table that enables users to find related information in another database table.
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| Information policy | Formal rules governing the maintenance, distribution, and use of information in an organization.
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| Key field | A field in a record that uniquely identifies instances of that record so that it can be retrieved, updated, or sorted.
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| Normalization | The process of creating small stable data structures from complex groups of data when designing a relational database.
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| Object-oriented DBMS | An approach to data managment that stores both data and the procedures acting on the data as objects that can be automatically retrieved and shared; the objects can contain multimedia.
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| Object-relational DBMS | A database management system that combines the capabilities of a relational DBMS for storing traditional information and the capabilities of an object-oriented DBMS for storing graphics and multimedia
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| Online analytical processing (OLAP) | Capability for manipulating and analyzing large volumes of data from multiple perspectives.
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| Predictive analytics | use of data mining techniques, historical data, and assumptions about future conditions to predict outcomes of events, such as the probability a customer will respond to an offer or purchase a specific product.
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| Primary key | Unique identifier for all the information in any row of a database table.
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| Records | group of related fields. Rows are commonly referred to as records.
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| Referential integrity | Rules to ensure that relationships between coupled database tables remain consistent.
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| Relational database | A type of logical database model that treats data as if they were stored in two-dimensional tables. It can relate data stored in one table to data in another as long as the two tables share a common data element.
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| Structured Query Language (SQL) | The standard data manipulation language for relational database managment systems.
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| Text mining | Discovery of patterns and relationships from large sets of unstructured data.
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| Tuples | Rows or records in a relational database.
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| Web mining | Discovery and analysis of useful patterns and information from the World Wide Web or (WWW)
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