Ch 5
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| lipids | fats
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| satiety | feeling of satisfaction; fullness
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| visible fats | fats in foods that are purchased and used as fats, such as butter or margarine
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| invisible fats | fats that are not immediately noticeable such as those in egg yolk, cheese, cream, and salad dressings
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| triglycerides | three fatty acids attached to a framework of glycerol
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| glycerol | a component of fat; derived from a water-soluble carbohydrate
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| fatty acids | a component of fat that determines the classification of the fat
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| linoleic acid and linolenic acid | fatty acid essential for humans; cannot be synthesized by the body
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| saturated fats | fats whose carbon atoms contain all of the hydrogen atoms they can; considered a contributory factor in atherosclerosis
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| monounsaturated fats | fats that are neither saturated nor polyunsaturated and are thought to play little part in atherosclerosis
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| polyunsaturated fats | fats whose carbon atoms contain only limited amounts of hydrogen
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| omega-3 fatty acids | helps lower the risk of heart disease
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| trans-fatty acids (TFA's) | produced by adding hydrogen atoms to a liquid fat, making it solid.
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| hydrogenation | the combining of fat with hydrogen, thereby making it a saturated fat and solid at room temperature
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| cholesterol | fatlike substance that is a constituent of body cells; is synthesized in the liver; also available in animal foods
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| hypercholesterolemia | unusually high levels of cholesterol in blood; also known as high serum cholesterol
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| plaque | fatty deposit on interior of artery walls
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| lipoproteins | carriers of fat in the blood
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| chylomicrons | the largest lipoprotein; transport the lipids after digestion into the body
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| very low density lipoproteins (VLDLs) | lipoproteins made by the liver to transport lipids throughout the body
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| low density lipoproteins (LDLs) | carry blood cholesterol to the cells
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| high-density lipoproteins (HDLs) | lipoproteins that carry cholesterol from cells to the liver for eventual excretion
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| lecithin | fatty substance found in plant and animal foods, a natural emulsifier that helps transport fats in the bloodstream; used commercially to make food products smooth
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| Each gram of fat contains how many calories? | 9
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| Plant food sources for fats? | oils and margarine, nuts, avocados, coconut
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| Monounsaturated fats should be what percent of total daily calories? | 20
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| Major sources of trans fatty acids? | baked goods, restaurant foods
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| essential for synthesis of bile, sex hormones, cortisone, and vitamin D | cholesterol
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| do not exceed daily cholesterol intake of how many milligrams? | 300
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| chemical digestion of fats occurs mainly in? | small intestine
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| What emulsifies fats? | Bile
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| Protein combines with final products of fat digestion to form ? | lipoproteins
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| Increase HDLs by: | exercising, maintaining desirable weight, giving up smoking
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| Deficiency symptoms occur when fats provide less than ? percent of total daily calories | 10
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