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Cell organelles

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Term
Definition
cell wall   The stiff outer layer of PLANT cells that protects and supports the cell.  
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cell membrane   This structure surrounds and protects the cell and controls what enters it and leaves it.  
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nucleus   This organelle directs all of the cell’s activities; It is the control center of the cell.  
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chromatin   Thin thread-like strands inside the nucleus that contain genetic material, the instructions that direct the functions of a cell.  
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cytoplasm   The jelly-like area between the cell membrane and nucleus where many cell organelles are located.  
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mitochondria   Rod-shaped structures called the “powerhouse” of the cell because they produce most of the cell’s energy.  
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endoplasmic reticulum   A maze of passageways that carry proteins and other materials all around the cell.  
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ribosome   Tiny structures on the ER; they are "factories" that produce proteins for the cell.  
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Golgi body   A flattened collection of tubes that receive, package, and deliver new materials to and from other parts of the cell.  
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chloroplast   GREEN structures in plant cells that capture energy from sunlight and use it to produce food.  
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vacuole   Storage for food and water. Plants wilt when there is not enough water stored here.  
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lysosome   Small structures that break down food and recycle old cell parts.  
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